“…Implementing those assessment tools under different contextual conditions, mainly in the United States and Europe, has proved that students still hold strong misconceptions about simple electric circuits. Besides, we have conducted studies and found similarities with the results presented before, i.e., students have severe problems understanding concepts underlying simple electrical circuits (Campos et al, 2021;Quezada-Espinoza et al, 2015Quezada-Espinoza & Zavala, 2014, 2017Sokoloff, 1996).…”