Aristotle's Psychology

Caston, Victor

doi:10.1002/9781444305845.ch17

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…One key emphasis is on the importance of what can be called pattern explanation , or what Overton ( 1991 ) labeled competence . In turn, the notion of competence is similar to Aristotle's notion of the formal cause , which is interrelated with, but different from, other types of explanation such as efficient or material causes (Caston, 2006 ). It is important here to emphasize the necessarily abstract quality of pattern explanation, which transcends the framing of temporally related antecedents and consequences that is usually associated with the notion of causation.…”

Section: Relational Developmental Systemsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Beyond different levels: embodiment and the developmental system

Marshall

2014

Front. Psychol.

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The value of studying a phenomenon at multiple levels of analysis is often emphasized in psychology, but a lack of clarity about the nature of levels and the relations among them remains an impediment to progress. The suggestion here is that an approach combining the tenets of embodiment with the construct of the developmental system provides a way forward. Embodiment opposes the splitting off and elevation of a level of mechanisms that has characterized much of cognitive science. In contrast, a constructivist embodied approach places a level of mechanisms in the context of a formal or systems level of analysis, with developmental process framing the interpenetrating relations between levels. Such an approach stems from a relational worldview that opposes conceptual splits and posits that levels of structure and process comprise an indissociable complementarity. The combination of embodiment and developmental systems within a relational worldview is discussed and elaborated through outlining the integrative approach of relational developmental systems, which has been proposed as a scientific paradigm within which formulations of the interrelations among brain, body, and mind can be advanced.

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Section: Relational Developmental Systemsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Beyond different levels: embodiment and the developmental system

Marshall

2014

Front. Psychol.

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“…(DA I.1, Within the confines of this handbook I cannot begin to do justice to the wealth of secondary literature on these topics. My main sources of inspiration, and sparring partners, in this section are Ackrill (1972Ackrill ( -1973, Bowin (2011), Burnyeat (2002), Caston (2002Caston ( , 2004Caston ( , 2005Caston ( , 2006, Everson (1997), Heinaman (2007), Johansen (1997Johansen ( , 2012a, Menn (2002), Polansky (2007), Sorabji (1992Sorabji ( , 2001, Sisko (1996Sisko ( , 1998Sisko ( , 2004. particular kind of soul, so that according to the Pythagoreans any soul could end up in any body.…”

Section: Potentiality In De Animamentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiality in Aristotle’s Physics and Biology

Makin

2018

Handbook of Potentiality

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The previous chapters have dealt in considerable detail with Aristotle's notion of potentiality in the context of his metaphysics, and his physics and biology, respectively. Examples from the themes of De anima have already figured prominently in previous chapters, which itself suggests that psychological observations may have served as a source of inspiration for the notion in the first place. Early occurrences of dunamis in the Aristotelian corpus, e.g. in the Protrepticus and in the Eudemian Ethics, indeed show that in Aristotle's mind the notion of potentiality is closely linked to ethics, and thereby to the road of the fulfillment of human life. 1 Hence, while this chapter focuses on the notion of potentiality as it is applied in specific situations in Aristotle's psychology and ethics we shall have to keep in mind that we are dealing with the context of origin of the notion, and, most likely, with one of the original purposes of Aristotle's elaboration of the distinction between dunamis and energeia. Furthermore, part of Aristotle's attack on the Megarian collapse of dunamis into actuality in Metaph. H 3 turned precisely on the need to retain the possibility to talk sensibly about human intellectual development [see Witt (1995[see Witt ( , esp. 251-4), (2003]. After a survey of this area we shall be ready to assess the innovations in the notion of dunamis that Aristotle develops in his De anima and related works, and see how they are made to fit into the framework of his philosophy.

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“…Since psychē is synchronously the formal, efficient, and final cause of the living sōma as an organic and organized whole, it "belongs to a body" (On the Soul 414a21), "cannot be separated from the body" (On the Soul 413a4; see 407b2-23; Metaphysics 1026a5), and must be considered as an abstract entity. the connection and intricate relation between matter and form, material substance and organic and dynamic functions, and physical elements and mental activi ties are at the heart of aristotle's investigations on the nature of psychē (Caston 2009). aristotle considers that the psychē present in plants, animals, and humans is basically the same. But he distinguishes different abilities (dynameis) and degrees in its activity: the vegetative function (threptikon), shared by all, the essential function (On the Soul 415a24-25); the sensitive function (aisthētikon), lacking in plants; and the rational func tion (dianoētikon or logistikon), exclusive to human beings.…”

Section: Aristotelian Holistic Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychology and Physiognomics

Zucker¹

2016

A Companion to Science, Technology, and Medicine in Ancient Greece and Rome

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Aristotle's Psychology

Cited by 13 publications

References 54 publications

Beyond different levels: embodiment and the developmental system

Beyond different levels: embodiment and the developmental system

Potentiality in Aristotle’s Physics and Biology

Psychology and Physiognomics

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