Arrays and Spatial Filters

Trees, Van; Harry, L

doi:10.1002/0471221104.ch2

Cited by 18 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The additional

echo terms in ( 4 ) correspond to multi-path components, clutter, and/or further targets that may be present in the scenario, with their associated attenuation coefficients, angular directions, delays, and Doppler shifts. Finally, by assuming an uniform linear array (ULA) arrangement, as presented in Figure 2 ,

reads as [ 41 ]

where d is the inter-element distance and M is odd for notation simplicity. The use of different array geometries, mainly rectangular and circular, is possible in the context of passive radar, and results in array response vectors

showing its own particular spatial features [ 42 ].…”

Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beamforming Techniques for Passive Radar: An Overview

Núñez-Ortuño¹,

González-Coma²,

López³

et al. 2023

Sensors

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Passive radar is an interesting approach in the context of non-cooperative target detection. Because the signal source takes advantage of the so-called illuminator of opportunity (IoO), the deployed system is silent, allowing the operator cheap, portable, and practically undetectable deployments. These systems match perfectly with the use of antenna arrays to take advantage of the additional gains provided by the coherent combination of the signals received at each element. To obtain these benefits, linear processing methods are required to enhance the system’s performance. In this work, we summarize the main beamforming methods in the literature to provide a clear picture of the current state of the art. Next, we perform an analysis of the benefits and drawbacks and explore the chance of increasing the number of antenna elements. Finally, we identify the major challenges to be addressed by researchers in the future.

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“…The additional

reads as [ 41 ]

showing its own particular spatial features [ 42 ].…”

Section: System Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beamforming Techniques for Passive Radar: An Overview

Núñez-Ortuño¹,

González-Coma²,

López³

et al. 2023

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Implementation of wideband digital transmitting beamformer based on LFM waveforms

Jiang

et al. 2017

IET signal process.

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A wideband digital transmitting beamformer based on linear frequency modulation (LFM) signals is presented in this study. The wideband beamformer is realised as a combination of direct digital synthesisers and fractional delay (FD) filters in polyphase structure. By using coordinate rotation digital computer algorithm, high intermediate frequency wideband LFM signal is generated and phase compensation for beamforming is accomplished in field programmable gate array. The impact of different number of quantisation bits on signal generation is analysed. The results of waveform generation and FD filter design are given. At last, the transmitting beam pattern is simulated.

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Semantic Segmentation on 3D Occupancy Grids for Automotive Radar

et al. 2020

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Radar sensors have great advantages over other sensors in estimating the motion states of moving objects, because they detect velocity components within one measurement cycle. Moreover, numerous successes have already been achieved regarding the classification of such objects. However, the advantage of instantaneous velocity measurement is lost when detecting static objects, so that their classification is much more demanding. In this paper, we use semantic segmentation networks to distinguish between frequently occurring infrastructure objects. The resulting semantic grids provide a location-based classification of the vehicle environment. Since even modern radars have a significantly poorer angular resolution than lidars, the relatively thin radar point cloud is accumulated in advance and transformed into 2D or 3D grids that act as network inputs. Occupancy grids are particularly advantageous here, since they calculate not only the obstacles but also the free spaces. With suitable parameter selection, which is very challenging due to the complexity of radar measurement, the resulting grids allow for good association with camera images. Finally, in order to evaluate possible advantages of 3D grids as network input with respect to the segmentation result, we created and evaluated a simulation dataset and two different real-world datasets in car parks and on motorways. As a result, Jaccard coefficients between 81% and 88% were achieved, depending on the dataset. It was also found that 3D input images lead to improvements in the car park dataset.

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Arrays and Spatial Filters

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Beamforming Techniques for Passive Radar: An Overview

Beamforming Techniques for Passive Radar: An Overview

Implementation of wideband digital transmitting beamformer based on LFM waveforms

Semantic Segmentation on 3D Occupancy Grids for Automotive Radar

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