Arrowleaf sida (<i>Sida rhombifolia</i>) and prickly sida (Sida spinosa): germination and emergence

Smith, Clyde A.; Shaw, David R.; Newsom, Larry J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1992.tb01867.x

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Burial depth was also important for seedling emergence. Seedlings only emerged at depths up to 5 cm and our results agree with those reported by Smith et al (1992) who observed experimentally that seedlings of this species only emerged when seeds were buried between 0 and 5 cm of depth. Arrested germination was observed at the seventh month of burial.…”

Section: Seedling Emergencesupporting

confidence: 95%

Seed-bank dynamics of the tropical weedSida rhombifolia(Malvaceae): incidence of seedling emergence, predators and pathogens

Rodríguez

Garcia

2009

Seed Sci. Res.

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Arrowleaf sida (Sida rhombifolia) is a tropical weed that grows in disturbed areas. Its control by hand pulling and mowing are only partially effective because arrowleaf sida is difficult to pull and quickly sprouts after cutting. We studied the seed-bank dynamics of S. rhombifolia in the region of Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil for 2 years, following a known number of seeds placed artificially at five burial depths. Predators and pathogens were responsible for the loss of c. 40% of the seeds during the first year of the experiment. The importance of predation declined with depth. Mortality due to fungal attack did not differ among the burial depths, except for seeds placed at the surface (where it was negligible). Seedling emergence only occurred during the first year, after the beginning of the rainy period and when the study area was still free of a dense vegetation cover. Seedlings did not emerge from depths greater than 5 cm. We conclude that seedling emergence and death are significant causes of seed losses from the seed bank of S. rhombifolia but their relative importance is highly dependent on depth of burial.

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Section: Seedling Emergencesupporting

confidence: 95%

Seed-bank dynamics of the tropical weedSida rhombifolia(Malvaceae): incidence of seedling emergence, predators and pathogens

Rodríguez

Garcia

2009

Seed Sci. Res.

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“…As the temperature rises from optimal to maximum, there is a decrease in oxygen availability and enzyme activity and in the synthesis of RNA, DNA, sugars and ATP (PIROVANO et al, 1997;STEWART et al, 1990), culminating in the coagulation of enzymes and in the deterioration and death of the seeds (SMITH; SHAW; NEWSON, 1992 Table 6 -Germination data (%) in seeds of D. insularis from the breakdown of the interaction between origin and temperature Averages followed by the same letter, lowercase on a line and uppercase in a column, do not differ statistically by Tukey test at 5% probability; m.s.d = minimum significant difference Iguaçu, which had a higher and lower percentage of germination respectively. The interaction between origin and light on the germination of the seeds showed that the presence of light was a determining factor in promoting a greater percentage of seed germination for all places of origin.…”

Section: Light --------------------------------------------Temperaturmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecophysiology of seed germination in Digitaria insularis ((L.) Fedde)

Mendonça¹,

Martins²,

Martins

et al. 2014

Rev. Ciênc. Agron.

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-The invasive behaviour of sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) in cultivated areas is due to its strategy of aggressive regeneration, which is based on seed germination. Knowledge of the physiological ecology of this species can contribute to the development of management and control strategies. The aim of this research was to understand the effects of provenance, temperature and light on the germination of sourgrass seeds collected in the Brazilian state of São Paulo in the cities of Americana, Botucatu and São José do Rio Preto and in the state of Paraná in the city of São Miguel do Iguaçu. The seeds were left to germinate at temperatures of 15, 25, 35 and 45 °C, both with and without light. The number of normal seedlings was recorded daily from seven to 60 days. After this period, the seeds together with substrate, were transferred to 25 o C with light, and a daily count was made for all treatments until the end of germination (75 days after sowing). The seeds of D. insularis are positively photoblastic. Seed germination in this species depends on provenance. A temperature of 4 5 °C for germination is lethal to the seeds. The temperature of 35 °C in the presence of light is the most favourable condition for seed germination.Key words: Sourgrass. Plant physiology. Provenance. Light. Temperature.RESUMO -O comportamento invasivo do capim-amargoso (Digitaria insularis) em áreas de cultivo deve-se à sua estratégia de regeneração agressiva, que está alicerçada na germinação das sementes. O conhecimento da ecofisiologia dessa espécie pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de manejo e controle. Objetivou-se com a presente pesquisa conhecer o efeito de diferentes procedências, temperaturas e luz na germinação de sementes de capim-amargoso. As sementes foram coletadas no Estado de São Paulo nas cidades de Americana, Botucatu e São José do Rio Preto e no Estado do Paraná na cidade de São Miguel do Iguaçu e, colocadas para germinar em temperaturas de 15; 25; 35 e 45 °C, com e sem luz. Foram contabilizadas diariamente as plântulas normais de sete a 60 dias. Após esse período, os substratos com sementes foram transferidos para 25 o C na presença de luz realizando-se contagem diária até que a germinação cessasse em todos os tratamentos (75 dias após a semeadura). As sementes de D. insularis são fotoblásticas positivas. A germinação das sementes desta espécie depende da procedência. A temperatura de 45 ºC para a germinação é letal às sementes. A temperatura de 35 ºC combinada com luz é a condição mais favorável para a germinação das sementes.Palavras-chave: Capim-amargoso. Fisiologia vegetal. Procedência. Luz. Temperatura.

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“…As caixas gerbox contendo as sementes de guanxuma e capim-braquiária foram acondicionadas em câmara de germinação regulada para 35/20 ο C e fotoperíodo de 14/10 h de luz/ escuro, de acordo com Smith et al (1992) e Brasil (1992, durante 21 dias, com contagens diárias de germinação. Nos tratamentos que envolveram a vinhaça, o tempo de contato com as sementes foi de 48 horas, a fim de evitar a rápida proliferação de fungos nas caixas gerbox, devido ao alto conteúdo de nutrientes presentes na vinhaça.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Germinação de sementes de Sida rhombifolia e Brachiaria decumbens influenciada por vinhaça, flegmaça e óleo de fúsel

Azania¹,

Marques

Pavani

et al. 2003

Planta daninha

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Este trabalho objetivou avaliar, em condições de laboratório, a germinação de sementes de Sida rhombifolia e Brachiaria decumbens submetidas à aplicação de vinhaça, flegmaça e óleo de fúsel. Esses subprodutos, nas concentrações de 12,5; 25,0; 50,0; e 100,0% (v/v), e as testemunhas (água com pH e osmolalidade corrigidos, em função da caracterização realizada nos subprodutos e em suas diluições) foram aplicados diretamente em 100 sementes acondicionadas em caixas de plástico, utilizando papel como substrato. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, e as médias obtidas foram submetidas ao teste de Tukey. As sementes de Sida rhombifolia submetidas ao óleo de fúsel não germinaram e apresentaram redução na viabilidade, principalmente nas maiores concentrações de aplicação. As sementes de Brachiaria decumbens submetidas à maior concentração de flegmaça apresentaram tendência de redução da viabilidade e do índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG). Na presença do óleo de fúsel as sementes de Brachiaria decumbens não germinaram e apresentaram-se totalmente inviáveis.

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Arrowleaf sida (Sida rhombifolia) and prickly sida (Sida spinosa): germination and emergence

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Seed-bank dynamics of the tropical weedSida rhombifolia(Malvaceae): incidence of seedling emergence, predators and pathogens

Seed-bank dynamics of the tropical weedSida rhombifolia(Malvaceae): incidence of seedling emergence, predators and pathogens

Ecophysiology of seed germination in Digitaria insularis ((L.) Fedde)

Germinação de sementes de Sida rhombifolia e Brachiaria decumbens influenciada por vinhaça, flegmaça e óleo de fúsel

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