Arterial stiffening in hypertension: beyond blood pressure levels

Shantsila, Alena; Shantsila, Eduard

doi:10.1038/jhh.2009.101

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Hypertension is a major public health problem, affecting approximately one billion people worldwide. 1 In humans and in experimental rodent models, essential hypertension is often associated with impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, which contributes to the progression of the pathology 2,3 and aggravates the cardiovascular risk. [4][5][6][7] Based on these observations, several studies have aimed to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of improving endothelial function in hypertensive subjects, 8,9 which has been shown to confer a more favorable prognosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial function does not improve with high-intensity continuous exercise training in SHR: implications of eNOS uncoupling

et al. 2015

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Exercise training is a well-recognized way to improve vascular endothelial function by increasing nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. However, in hypertensive subjects, unlike low- and moderate-intensity exercise training, the beneficial effects of continuous high-intensity exercise on endothelial function are not clear, and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of high-intensity exercise on vascular function, especially on the NO pathway, in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). These effects were studied on WKY, sedentary SHR and SHR that exercised at moderate (SHR-MOD) and high intensity (SHR-HI) on a treadmill (1 h per day; 5 days per week for 6 weeks at 55% and 80% of their maximal aerobic velocity, respectively). Endothelial function and specific NO contributions to acetylcholine-mediated relaxation were evaluated by measuring the aortic ring isometric forces. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and phosphorylation (ser1177) were evaluated by western blotting. The total aortic and eNOS-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was assessed using electron paramagnetic resonance in aortic tissue. Although the aortas of SHR-HI had increased eNOS levels without alteration of eNOS phosphorylation, high-intensity exercise had no beneficial effect on endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, unlike moderate exercise. This result was associated with increased eNOS-dependent ROS production in the aortas of SHR-HI. Notably, the use of the recoupling agent BH4 or a thiol-reducing agent blunted eNOS-dependent ROS production in the aortas of SHR-HI. In conclusion, the lack of a positive effect of high-intensity exercise on endothelial function in SHR was mainly explained by redox-dependent eNOS uncoupling, resulting in a switch from NO to O2(-) generation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial function does not improve with high-intensity continuous exercise training in SHR: implications of eNOS uncoupling

et al. 2015

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“…Hypertension, a major public health problem, affecting up to one billion people worldwide ( 17 ) and exhibiting aortic remodeling including aortic hypertrophy, collagen accumulation and impaired endothelium dependent vasorelaxation ( 18 ), among which the main adaptive mechanisms are rearranged formations of extracellular matrix and vascular remodeling to increase blood pressure chronically and growing mortality and morbidity ( 19 , 20 ), characterized in part by the proliferation and hypertrophy of vascular smooth muscle cells ( 21 ). Hypertensive vascular remodeling is contributed by the increased vascular cell, inflammation, fibrosis and hypertrophy ( 22 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radix Cyathula officinalis Kuan inhibits arterial remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats

et al. 2017

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There is still no resolution for arterial remodeling related with hypertension, though hypertension treatment has access to a number of pharmacological agents. The present study aimed at investigating the prevention of Cyathula officinalis Kuan's roots (C. officinalis Kuan) against in arterial remodeling in vitro. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were intragastrically administered 3, 6 or 12 g/kg C. officinalis Kuan or normal saline or enalapril (2.5 mg/kg) once a day for 8 weeks. Hematoxylin and eosin were used to measure blood pressure and stain carotid and arota. The serum concentration of nitric oxide (NO) was measured by NO assay kit (nitrate reductase method). The endothelin-1 transcriptional level, endothelial NO synthase of endothelium as well as angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) of aorta and carotid was tested by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and the protein level in aorta was also measured by western blotting. The blood pressure in SHR+enalapril, SHR+3 g/kg, SHR+6 g/kg and SHR+12 g/kg C. officinalis Kuan groups was significantly decreased at 4, 6 and 8 weeks post-treatment compared with SHR group. Different doses of C. officinalis Kuan and enalapril treatment showed aortic wall thinness and strengthened NO serum level, but made no impact on the transcriptional level of AT1R in aorta or endothelial NO synthase in carotid. It is suggested by such results that therapy by C. officinalis Kuan is able to fight against arterial remodeling, thus may provide a new means to treat arterial remodeling caused by hypertension.

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Combinatorial effect of lower extremity blood flow restriction and low intensity endurance exercise on aorta of old male rats: Histomorphological and molecular approach

Bejeshk¹,

Joukar²,

Shahouzehi³

et al. 2018

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Arterial stiffening in hypertension: beyond blood pressure levels

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Endothelial function does not improve with high-intensity continuous exercise training in SHR: implications of eNOS uncoupling

Endothelial function does not improve with high-intensity continuous exercise training in SHR: implications of eNOS uncoupling

Radix Cyathula officinalis Kuan inhibits arterial remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Combinatorial effect of lower extremity blood flow restriction and low intensity endurance exercise on aorta of old male rats: Histomorphological and molecular approach

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