Arteriosclerosis in the Intramural and Extramural Portions of Coronary Arteries in the Human Heart

Edwards, John N.; Burnsides, Charles; Swarm, Richard L.; Lansing, Albert I.

doi:10.1161/01.cir.13.2.235

Cited by 130 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…[12] Although the condition is encountered by cardiovascular surgeons in approximately 15% of coronary bypass surgeries, it is reported that this rate fluctuates between 5% and 86% in autopsy studies. [13,14] A 0.99% prevalence of MB among patients who had undergone coronary angiography was determined in the present study, a finding similar to several others. [15] Prevalence has been reported as 0.5-2.5%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and three-year follow-up of patients with isolated myocardial bridge in the mid-Black Sea region: a retrospective single-center study

Aksakal

Urumdaş

Yaman

et al. 2016

Arch Turk Soc Cardiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: Myocardial bridge (MB), also known as muscular bridge, is a rare congenital disease with relatively good prognosis. However, it has been associated with unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death. Incidence and prognosis of patients diagnosed with isolated MB after having undergone coronary angiography are evaluated in the present retrospective study. Methods: Coronary angiograms of 18,250 patients, obtained between 2008 and 2011, were reexamined for presence of MB at the cardiology clinic. Of these patients, 241 (0.95%) had MB, and 181 (0.99%) had it as an isolated finding. Patients with isolated MB were divided into 2 groups according to severity of the lesion in the cardiac systole. Group 1 was comprised of patients with non-critical (<70%) stenosis; group 2 was comprised of patients with critical (≥70%) stenosis. Demographic characteristics, symptoms at initial diagnosis, and coronary angiographic findings regarding localization and severity of stenosis were noted. Follow-up was performed by phone, with outpatient clinic visits, and by reviewing hospital records.Results: Twenty-five patients (13%) had critical stenosis (group 2), and 146 (87%) had non-critical stenosis (group 1). Mean follow-up duration was 38±7 months. Recurrent angina and repeated coronary angiography were reported in 15 group 1 patients (10.2%) and in 2 group 2 patients (8.0%) (p=non-significant). No instance of myocardial infarction was reported. Conclusion:Isolated MB seems to be a relatively benign disease, a conclusion made in accordance with those of previous studies. Symptoms and prognosis are not determined by degree of stenosis generated by the muscular bridge.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence and three-year follow-up of patients with isolated myocardial bridge in the mid-Black Sea region: a retrospective single-center study

Aksakal

Urumdaş

Yaman

et al. 2016

Arch Turk Soc Cardiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…5). While the incidence of myocardial bridges determined during autopsies is reported to be between 15-80%, it is shown to be between 0.5-2.5percent during angiography (Edwards et al 1956;Polachek 1961;Nobel et al 1976;Ishimori et al 1977;Voss et al 1980). A couple of factors generating this discrepancy can be accountable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences in the Types and Frequency of Coronary Artery Anomalies

Aydar

Yazici

Birdane

et al. 2011

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coronary artery anomalies are rarely encountered in general population. Gender may play a role in the types and incidence of coronary artery anomalies, although the effect of gender is not well established. In the present study, we therefore aimed to investigate the frequency and location of various types of coronary artery anomalies and their correlation with gender. We assessed retrospectively the coronary angiography movies of 7,810 patients (2,214 females and 5,596 males), the method of which is distinct from the earlier studies with angiographic archive records. We defined and classified the coronary artery anomalies according to their origin, course (myocardial bridge), and termination (fistula). The incidence of coronary artery anomalies was 3.35% (262 of 7,810): 130 individuals with anomalous origin (1.66%), 105 individuals with myocardial bridges (1.34%), and 27 with fistulas (0.35%). The frequency of the coronary artery anomalies was significantly higher in the females than the males ( p = 0.001). Of the coronary artery origin anomalies, the circumflex and the left anterior descending artery originating from separate ostia in the left aortic sinus were higher in the females compared to the males (P < 0.001). In contrast, the frequency of myocardial bridges was higher in the males (P = 0.01). No gender difference was detected in fistulas. Thus, gender affects the types of coronary artery anomalies, except for fistulas. The determination of the presence of the coronary artery anomalies during the coronary angiography is critical for the planning of the treatment and for the proper clinical follow-up of patients.

show abstract

“…Its typical angiographic presentation is the systolic "milking" effect due to transient vascular compression. [1][2][3] The frequency of MB has been reported to range from 5.4 to 85% in autopsy series [4][5][6] and from 0.5 to 29.4% on coronary angiography. 1,[6][7][8][9][10][11] Although it remains to be determined how MB affects the cardiovascular system, MB has been associated with myocardial infarction [12][13][14][15][16][17] and sudden cardiac death, [18][19][20][21] and coronary spasm is thought to be one factor connecting cardiac events and MB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocardial bridging increases the risk of coronary spasm

Teragawa

Fukuda

Matsuda

et al. 2003

Clinical Cardiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryBackground: Myocardial bridging (MB) has been associated with cardiac events. Whether coronary spasm is one factor contributing to those events is unknown.Hypothesis: This study investigated whether the likelihood of coronary spasm is increased in patients with MB.Methods: A spasm-provocation test was performed by infusing acetylcholine into the left coronary artery in 114 Japanese patients with chest pain. The test result was defined as positive when the diameter of the coronary artery was reduced by ≥ 50% and ST-segment changes were documented. Myocardial bridging was defined as a > 15% reduction in coronary arterial diameter during systole after intracoronary injection of nitroglycerin.Results: Myocardial bridging was identified in 41 patients (36%) and was located in the mid-segment of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in all patients. Patients with MB experienced coronary spasm more frequently than patients without MB (MB+: 73%; MBϪ: 40%, p = 0.0006). Furthermore, among patients with a positive spasm-provocation test, coronary spasm occurred more frequently in the midsegment of the LAD in patients with MB than in those without MB (MB+: 73%; MBϪ: 45%, p = 0.0259). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that MB was a predictor of coronary spasm (odds ratio: 3.478, p = 0.0088).

show abstract

Arteriosclerosis in the Intramural and Extramural Portions of Coronary Arteries in the Human Heart

Cited by 130 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence and three-year follow-up of patients with isolated myocardial bridge in the mid-Black Sea region: a retrospective single-center study

Prevalence and three-year follow-up of patients with isolated myocardial bridge in the mid-Black Sea region: a retrospective single-center study

Gender Differences in the Types and Frequency of Coronary Artery Anomalies

Myocardial bridging increases the risk of coronary spasm

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About