Arthropods: Why It Is So Crucial to Know Their Biodiversity?

Santos, Jean Carlos; Almeida, Wanessa Rejane de; Fernandes, Geraldo Wilson

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53226-0_1

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Euarthropods (e.g. chelicerates, myriapods and pancrustaceans including insects) have conquered Earth's biosphere, comprising over 80% of living animal species [1]. Indeed, Euarthropoda has been the most diverse animal phylum for over half a billion years, documented by prolific trace and body fossil records that extend back to the early Cambrian (approx.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New opabiniid diversifies the weirdest wonders of the euarthropod stem group

et al. 2022

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Once considered ‘weird wonders’ of the Cambrian, the emblematic Burgess Shale animals Anomalocaris and Opabinia are now recognized as lower stem-group euarthropods and have provided crucial data for constraining the polarity of key morphological characters in the group. Anomalocaris and its relatives (radiodonts) had worldwide distribution and survived until at least the Devonian. However, despite intense study, Opabinia remains the only formally described opabiniid to date. Here we reinterpret a fossil from the Wheeler Formation of Utah as a new opabiniid, Utaurora comosa nov. gen. et sp. By visualizing the sample of phylogenetic topologies in treespace, our results fortify support for the position of U. comosa beyond the nodal support traditionally applied. Our phylogenetic evidence expands opabiniids to multiple Cambrian stages. Our results underscore the power of treespace visualization for resolving imperfectly preserved fossils and expanding the known diversity and spatio-temporal ranges within the euarthropod lower stem group.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New opabiniid diversifies the weirdest wonders of the euarthropod stem group

et al. 2022

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“…Arthropods ( sensu Giribet & Edgecombe 2020) are ubiquitous in virtually all modern ecosystems, and describing their abundance, biodiversity and ecological versatility typically invites all sorts of superlatives (Stork 2018; Giribet & Edgecombe 2020; Santos et al . 2021). Konservat‐Lagerstätten (remarkable strata yielding fossils of biomineralizing and non‐biomineralizing organisms) provide ample evidence for the great antiquity of arthropod omnipresence on our planet (Edgecombe & Legg 2013; Edgecombe 2020; Giribet & Edgecombe 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new lobopodian from the middle Cambrian of Utah: did swimming body flaps convergently evolve in stem‐group arthropods?

Lerosey‐Aubril

Ortega‐Hernández

2022

Papers in Palaeontology

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Arthropods are ubiquitous in all modern habitats and yet their origin remains poorly documented. It is widely thought that their segmented and arthrodized body evolved from the annulated vermiform body of a lobopodian ancestor c. 540 Ma. This major transformation included the evolution of sclerotized and articulated appendages from annulated non‐jointed limbs or lobopods. However, this scenario is complicated by the presence in many stem‐group arthropods of body flaps of various origins, characteristics and functions. We describe the new lobopodian Utahnax vannieri gen. et sp. nov. from Drumian strata of the House Range in Utah. Known from an incomplete specimen, this taxon features a vermiform, annulated body flanked by pairs of swimming flaps, except in the caudal region, and a digestive system with putative glands. Extensions of the body cavity into the body flaps of Utahnax suggest that they are modified lobopods similar to the ventral body flaps of radiodonts; as such, they are not homologous to the dorsal body flaps of the stem‐group arthropods Opabinia, Pambdelurion, and possibly Kerygmachela. We discuss the details of the limb anatomy of these three taxa and consider an alternative interpretation for Kerygmachela. Despite morphological similarities in radiodonts, Utahnax, and possibly Kerygmachela, our parsimony and Bayesian inference phylogenetic analyses suggest that ventral body flaps have evolved convergently in those taxa, probably accompanying a shift towards a predominantly swimming predatory lifestyle. Ecological competition with radiodonts is proposed as an explanation for the scarcity of non‐radiodont swimming lobopodians in Cambrian Lagerstätten.

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“…1 Specimens unidentified morphologically with no or weak match in GenBank. 2 Morphologically identified but species absent from GenBank. 3 Specimens from CKGR and CHO with bad sequences, morphological identification.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arthropods are economically important organisms given their role in the global transmission of disease to humans, livestock and wildlife [1,2]. Amongst arthropods, mosquitoes are by far the most important vector species contributing to global human and animal health burdens [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance Studies Reveal Diverse and Potentially Pathogenic-Incriminated Vector Mosquito Species across Major Botswana Touristic Hotspots

Buxton

Nyamukondiwa

Wasserman

et al. 2021

Insects

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Vector mosquitoes contribute significantly to the global burden of diseases in humans, livestock and wildlife. As such, the spatial distribution and abundance of mosquito species and their surveillance cannot be ignored. Here, we surveyed mosquito species across major tourism hotspots in semi-arid Botswana, including, for the first time, the Central Kalahari Game Reserve. Our results reported several mosquito species across seven genera, belonging to Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, Mansonia, Mimomyia, Coquillettidia and Uranotaenia. These results document a significant species inventory that may inform early warning vector-borne disease control systems and likely help manage the risk of emerging and re-emerging mosquito-borne infections.

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Arthropods: Why It Is So Crucial to Know Their Biodiversity?

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

New opabiniid diversifies the weirdest wonders of the euarthropod stem group

New opabiniid diversifies the weirdest wonders of the euarthropod stem group

A new lobopodian from the middle Cambrian of Utah: did swimming body flaps convergently evolve in stem‐group arthropods?

Surveillance Studies Reveal Diverse and Potentially Pathogenic-Incriminated Vector Mosquito Species across Major Botswana Touristic Hotspots

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