Article

Delagarde, Rémy; Peyraud, Jean‐Louis; Delaby, Luc

doi:10.1051/animres:19990201

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A total of five trials, including 156 individual measurements, were conducted on cows fed dried diets (hay, dehydrated alfalfa and dehydrated whole-crop maize). These trials aimed to study the effect of the nature of concentrate on dairy cow digestibility (25 data, Delagarde and Peyraud, 1998), the effect of forage particle size and feeding frequency on sites of digestion (16 data, Le Liboux and Peyraud, 1999), the effect of the interaction between the type of starch and forage particle size on digestibility (30 data, Boudon, 1997) and the effect of extended rumen fill on intake in lactating and dry dairy cows (40 data, Hay, 1995;45 data, M'Hamed, 1997). The details of the dietary treatments and balance trial procedures are described in the above-cited references and a summary is presented in Table 1 for unpublished results.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of water intake and excretion flows in Holstein dairy cows under thermoneutral conditions

Khelil-Arfa

Boudon

Maxin

et al. 2012

animal

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The increase in the worldwide demand for dairy products, associated with global warming, will emphasize the issue of water use efficiency in dairy systems. The evaluation of environmental issues related to the management of animal dejections will also require precise biotechnical models that can predict effluent management in farms. In this study, equations were developed and evaluated for predicting the main water flows at the dairy cow level, based on parameters related to cow productive performance and diet under thermoneutral conditions. Two datasets were gathered. The first one comprised 342 individual measurements of water balance in dairy cows obtained during 18 trials at the experimental farm of Mé jussaume (INRA, France). Predictive equations of water intake, urine and fecal water excretion were developed by multiple regression using a stepwise selection of regressors from a list of seven candidate parameters, which were milk yield, dry matter intake (DMI), body weight, diet dry matter content (DM), proportion of concentrate (CONC) and content of crude protein (CP) ingested with forage and concentrate (CPf and CPc, g/kg DM). The second dataset was used for external validation of the developed equations and comprised 196 water flow measurements on experimental lots obtained from 43 published papers related to water balance or digestibility measurements in dairy cows. Although DMI was the first predictor of the total water intake (TWI), with a partial r 2 of 0.51, DM was the first predictive parameter of free water intake (FWI), with a partial r 2 of 0.57, likely due to the large variability of DM in the first dataset (from 11.5 to 91.4 g/100 g). This confirmed the compensation between water drunk and ingested with diet when DM changes. The variability of urine volume was explained mainly by the CPf associated with DMI (r.s.d. 5.4 kg/day for an average flow of 24.0 kg/day) and that of fecal water was explained by the proportion of CONC in the diet and DMI. External validation showed that predictive equations excluding DMI as predictive parameters could be used for FWI, urine and fecal water predictions if cows were fed a well-known total mixed ration. It also appeared that TWI and FWI were underestimated when ambient temperature increased above 258C and possible means of including climatic parameters in future predictive equations were proposed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of water intake and excretion flows in Holstein dairy cows under thermoneutral conditions

Khelil-Arfa

Boudon

Maxin

et al. 2012

animal

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“…The DM digestibility of ingested grass was estimated via the faecal CP content attributable to grass according to the equation of Mesochina et al [18]. A correction was applied to take into account the amount of faecal CP attributable to barley [19] from CP content of barley and from the apparent CP digestibility of barley [16]. Finally, the total ingested DM corresponded to the sum of the previously estimated grass intake and 160 g DM of rolled barley.…”

Section: Dry Matter Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Ingestion of Soil by Grazing Sport Horses

Jurjanz

Collas

Quish

et al. 2021

Animals

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Data on soil ingestion in horses are lacking in contrast to other free-range animals. The importance of soil as a vector for environmental pollutants to food is less relevant in horses but several disorders secondary to soil ingestion, such as sand colic or enteritis have been reported. Therefore, soil ingestion has been studied on Irish sport horses grazing at three offered levels of daily herbage: 2, 3 and 4% of their body weight. Soil ingestion was estimated by the faecal recovery of a soil natural marker. Horses had 4.5, 4.1 and 3.7% of soil in their total intake respectively for the 2, 3 and 4% herbage offers. The 4% offer presented significantly less intake (543 g/d) compared to the more restricted offers (624 and 648 g respectively for 3 and 2%). The post-grazing sward height was significantly lower on the 2% offer (3.1 cm) compared to the higher offers (4.1 and 4.4 cm respectively for 3 and 4%). Thus, restricted herbage allowance made grazing closer to the ground and increased soil ingestion. The sward height appeared to be a reliable indicator to manage animal withdrawal from a pasture to limit soil ingestion and the risk of gastrointestinal pathologies caused by it.

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“…Total daily fecal outputs were individually weighed, and a subsample was dried for 72 h at 80°C to determine fecal DM and CP contents. Fecal DM output attributable to herbage was then calculated by subtracting the indigestible DM attributable to barley (INRA, 2015; Table 1) from the total fecal DM output (Delagarde et al, 1999;Collas et al, 2014).…”

Section: Daily Intake and Energy And Protein Balancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fecal CP content attributable to herbage was calculated by dividing the amount of fecal CP attributable to herbage by the fecal DM output attributable to herbage. The amount of fecal CP attributable to herbage was calculated by subtracting the amount of fecal CP attributable to barley from the total CP amount excreted from feces (Delagarde et al, 1999;Collas et al, 2014). The amount of fecal CP attributable to barley was calculated from the CP content of barley and from the apparent CP digestibility of barley (INRA, 2015; Individual consumptions of energy and protein were then expressed in relation to the mares' requirements at each period.…”

Section: Daily Intake and Energy And Protein Balancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy supplementation and herbage allowance effects on daily intake in lactating mares1

Collas

Dumont

Delagarde

et al. 2015

Journal of Animal Science

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Little is known about how to manage grazing horses, including the thresholds under which energy supplementation is required. Here we investigated the effects of daily herbage allowance (DHA) and energy supplementation (ES) on daily herbage intake in lactating mares of light breeds grazing high-quality regrowth during summer. Three contrasting DHA, low (LOW), medium (MED), and high (HIGH), that is, 35.0, 52.5, and 70.0 g DM∙kg BW(-1)∙d(-1), respectively, were obtained by adjusting pasture strip width. Eighteen Anglo-Arab and French Saddle lactating mares were either supplemented with 2.6 kg DM barley/d (SUP group; n= 9) or left nonsupplemented (NSUP group; n = 9) throughout the experiment. For 3 successive 2-wk periods, 3 groups of SUP mares (n = 3) and 3 groups of NSUP mares (n = 3) grazed each DHA according to a 3 × 3 Latin square design. Pregrazing sward surface height (SSH) was similar between treatments (26.6 cm), but postgrazing SSH differed significantly between each DHA (2.9, 4.4, and 5.7 cm for LOW, MED, and HIGH, respectively; P < 0.001). Herbage DMI (HDMI) increased linearly from 18.5 to 23.4 g DM∙kg BW(-1)∙d(-1) with increasing DHA (i.e., 0.13 kg DM eaten/kg DM of herbage offered; P < 0.001) independently of ES and with no significant ES × DHA interaction. This increase in HDMI resulted from an increase in grazing time between LOW (961 min/d) and MED and HIGH (1,021 min/d; P < 0.01) and from an increase in intake rate between LOW and MED (11.8 g DM/min) and HIGH (13.6 g DM/min; P < 0.01). Total digestible DMI (TDDMI) and NE intake (NEI) increased linearly from 12.3 to 15.2 g DM∙kg BW∙(-1)d(-1) and from 136.6 to 165.8 kJ∙kg BW(-1)∙d (-1)with increasing DHA (P < 0.001), respectively. Total digestible DMI and NEI were significantly lower for NSUP than for SUP mares: 12.5 vs. 14.9 g DM∙kg BW(-1)∙d(-1) (P < 0.01) and 134.6 vs. 166.5 kJ∙kg BW(-1)∙d(-1) (P < 0.001), respectively. Whereas SUP mares always met their energy requirements, NSUP mares no longer met theirs when DHA fell below 66 g DM∙kg BW(-1)∙d(-1) (i.e., 39 kg DM∙mare(-1)∙d(-1)).

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Article

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Prediction of water intake and excretion flows in Holstein dairy cows under thermoneutral conditions

Prediction of water intake and excretion flows in Holstein dairy cows under thermoneutral conditions

Ingestion of Soil by Grazing Sport Horses

Energy supplementation and herbage allowance effects on daily intake in lactating mares1

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