Artifacts in magnetic spirals retrieved by transport of intensity equation (TIE)

Cui, Jia; Yao, Yuan; Shen, Xiaodong; Wang, Y.G.; Yu, Richeng

doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2018.01.091

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The LTEM image of the skyrmion in its initial state, i.e., without current injection, shows a clear black (core region) and white (edge region) contrast (see Figure 3a). By combining the simulations with the LTEM images, [49] we established that the in-plane magnetization swirled counterclockwise (see Figure 3f). After the first current pulse, the contrast of the image was completely reversed, i.e., the inner region became white and the outer region became black.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Current‐Induced Helicity Reversal of a Single Skyrmionic Bubble Chain in a Nanostructured Frustrated Magnet

Hou

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advanced Materials

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Helicity indicates the in-plane magnetic-moment swirling direction of a skyrmionic configuration. The ability to reverse the helicity of a skyrmionic bubble via purely electrical means has been predicted in frustrated magnetic systems, however its experimental observation has remained challenging. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the current-driven helicity reversal of the skyrmionic bubble in a nanostructured frustrated Fe 3 Sn 2 magnet. The critical current density required to trigger the helicity reversal is 10 9 -10 10 A/m 2 , with a corresponding pulse-width varying from 1 μs to 100 ns. Computational simulations reveal that both the pinning effect and dipole-dipole interaction play a crucial role in the helicity-reversal process.The electrical manipulation of low-dimensional magnetism is a key challenge to better information technology. [1,2] A variety of spin configurations, including magnetic domain walls [3,4] and vortices, [5,6] have been explored for the electrical control of magnetism. Recently, researchers have increasingly focused their interest on the topologically protected vortex-like spin configurations, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] so called magnetic skyrmions or magnetic skyrmionic bubbles, in view of their intriguing electromagnetic properties endowed by the non-trivial topological nature, such as a pinning-free motion with an ultralow current density [11,[22][23][24][25][26][27] and an electric polarization characteristic in insulators. [28][29][30] Despite these intriguing magneto-electronic functions, the electrical manipulation of the spin texture of a skyrmionic spin configuration, such as the electricity-induced helicity reversal of a skyrmion or skyrmionic bubble, has not yet been well established in experiments.The helicity indicates the in-plane magnetic-moment swirling direction (e.g., clockwise or counterclockwise) of a skyrmionic spin configuration. In a chiral magnet, the symmetry breaking generates a strong Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) that not only stabilizes 3 the skyrmion, but also imprints the chirality of a crystal lattice into the chirality of magnetic orders. This feature makes the skyrmion helicity closely related to the underlying lattice chirality and therefore difficult to be reversed by a purely electrical stimulus, unless the strength of the DMI is reduced to a small value. [4] Recent studies have demonstrated that some non-chiral centrosymmetric magnets [19][20][21][22] or frustrated magnetic systems [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] could host skyrmionic bubbles that are stabilized by the interplay of the external magnetic field, exchange interaction/competing exchange interaction, uniaxial magnetic anisotropy, and dipole-dipole interaction (DDI). Skyrmionic bubbles are topologically equivalent to the DMI-stabilized skyrmions. Consequently, the two classes of spin configurations exhibit similar topological properties. However, unlike a DMI-stabilized skyrmion, the skyrmionic bubble does not have a fixed heli...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Current‐Induced Helicity Reversal of a Single Skyrmionic Bubble Chain in a Nanostructured Frustrated Magnet

Hou

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advanced Materials

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Section: Micromagnetic Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The micromagnetic simulations were carried out by using 3D object oriented Micromagnetic framework (OOMMF) code [33]. The magnetization obtained from OOMMF simulation was input into a homemade Digitalmicrograph (DM) script to simulate the LTEM images [34] (see S4 within the Supplemental Material [31]). The material parameters were obtained from the experiments on (Mn1-xNix)65Ga35 (x = 0.45) as follows: the saturation magnetization MS = 8×10 5 A/m 3 , the magneto-crystalline anisotropy constant Ku = 2.65×10 5 J/m 3 , which was measured by SPD technique.…”

Section: Micromagnetic Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulating Spin Chirality of Magnetic Skyrmion Bubbles by In-Plane Reversed Magnetic Fields in (Mn1−xNix)65Ga3

Ding

Cui

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. Applied

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Understanding the dynamics of the magnetic skyrmion, a particle-like topologically stable spin texture, and its response dynamics to external fields are indispensable for the applications in spintronic devices. In this letter, the Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) was used to investigate the spin chirality of the magnetic skyrmion bubbles (SKBs) in the centrosymmetric magnet MnNiGa at room temperature. The reversal of SKBs excited by the in-plane magnetic field has been revealed.Moreover, the collective behavior of interacting spin chirality can be manipulated by reversing the directions of the magnetic fields on a wedge-shaped thin plate. The dynamic behavior of the bubbles at different position of the thin plate has been explored with the micromagnetic simulation, indicating a non-uniform and nontrivial dynamic magnetization on the surfaces and center of the thin plate during the spin chirality reversal. The results suggest that the controllable symmetry breaking of the SKBs arising from thickness variation provides an ability to manipulate the collective behavior of the spin chirality with small external fields, leading to a promising application in nonvolatile spintronic devices for magnetic skyrmions.

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“…The simulation of the Lorentz-TEM images was performed by means of a homemade plugin written in Digital Micrograph script. [47]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of Short‐Period Helical Spin Order and Magnetic Transition in a Nonchiral Centrosymmetric Helimagnet

Ding

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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The search for materials exhibiting nanoscale spiral order continues to be fuelled by the promise of emergent inductors. Although such spin textures have been reported in many materials, most of them exhibit long periods or are limited to operate far below room temperature. Here, the real‐space observation of an ordered helical spin order with a period of 3.2 nm in a nonchiral centrosymmetric helimagnet MnCoSi at room temperature via multiangle and multiazimuth approach of Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is presented. A magnetic transition from the ordered helical spin order to a cycloidal spin order below 228 K is clearly revealed by in situ neutron powder diffraction and Lorentz TEM, which is closely correlated with temperature‐induced variation in magneto‐crystalline anisotropy. These results reveal the origin of spiral ordered spin textures in nonchiral centrosymmetric helimagnet, which can serve as a new strategy for searching materials with nanoscale spin order with potential applications in emergent electromagnetism.

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Artifacts in magnetic spirals retrieved by transport of intensity equation (TIE)

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Current‐Induced Helicity Reversal of a Single Skyrmionic Bubble Chain in a Nanostructured Frustrated Magnet

Current‐Induced Helicity Reversal of a Single Skyrmionic Bubble Chain in a Nanostructured Frustrated Magnet

Manipulating Spin Chirality of Magnetic Skyrmion Bubbles by In-Plane Reversed Magnetic Fields in (Mn1−xNix)65Ga3

Observation of Short‐Period Helical Spin Order and Magnetic Transition in a Nonchiral Centrosymmetric Helimagnet

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