“…Since the performance function is usually implicit and strongly nonlinear in engineering practices, classical analysis techniques such as first-order reliability methods (FORM), second-order reliability methods (SORM), 1 Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) 2 and variance reduction techniques (IS, SS, LS) 3–5 are generally unacceptable in accuracy and efficiency. To overcome these shortcomings, applying the surrogate models to approximate the true performance function has been rapidly developed in recent decades, such as the response surface method (RSM), 6,7 artificial neural network (ANN), 8,9 support vector machine (SVM), 10,11 Kriging model, 12,13 etc. Among them, the Kriging model, 14,15 as an accurate interpolation method, can not only provide the predicted value of the unsampled sample, but also estimate the prediction variance.…”