Artiodactyla

Hawkey, Christine

doi:10.1016/b978-0-433-13390-2.50014-1

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This residue had RBC-like inclusions with diameters of 5 μm. Notably, this is within the range of RBCs from several animal species including hyrax as well as zebra and impala [ 65 ] ( Fig 22d ). Coincidentally, a torn hair fragment in the pipette extraction from the distal tip is comparable with horse hair and impala but does not conform with hyrax.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Pressure flaking to serrate bifacial points for the hunt during the MIS5 at Sibudu Cave (South Africa)

et al. 2017

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Projectile technology is considered to appear early in the southern African Middle Stone Age (MSA) and the rich and high resolution MSA sequence of Sibudu Cave in KwaZulu-Natal has provided many new insights about the use and hafting of various projectile forms. We present the results of a functional and technological analysis on a series of unpublished serrated bifacial points recently recovered from the basal deposits of Sibudu Cave. These serrated tools, which only find equivalents in the neighbouring site of Umhlatuzana, precede the Still Bay techno-complex and are older than 77 ka BP. Independent residue and use-wear analyses were performed in a phased procedure involving two separate analysts, which allowed the engagement between two separate lines of functional evidence. Thanks to the excellent preservation at Sibudu Cave, a wide range of animal, plant and mineral residues were observed in direct relation with diagnostic wear patterns. The combination of technological, wear and residue evidence allowed us to confirm that the serration was manufactured with bone compressors and that the serrated points were mounted with a composite adhesive as the tips of projectiles used in hunting activities. The suite of technological and functional data pushes back the evidence for the use of pressure flaking during the MSA and highlights the diversity of the technical innovations adopted by southern African MSA populations. We suggest the serrated points from the stratigraphic units Adam to Darya of Sibudu illustrate one important technological adaptation of the southern African MSA and provide another example of the variability of MSA bifacial technologies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Pressure flaking to serrate bifacial points for the hunt during the MIS5 at Sibudu Cave (South Africa)

et al. 2017

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“…In this review, we utilize the extensive and well-studied field of human hemorheology for comparative data with marine mammals. For the reader interested in even broader comparative rheology information, there are there are many excellent reviews that cover the details of the development and molecular biology of hemorheology, the effects of disease, and comparative hemorheological data (Chien et al, 1971 ; Chien, 1975 ; Hawkey, 1975 ; Sowemimo-Coker et al, 1989 ; Gascoyne and Hawkey, 1992 ; Johnn et al, 1992 ; Meiselman, 1993 ; Stoltz et al, 1999 ; Windberger et al, 2003 ; Baskurt et al, 2007 ; Windberger and Baskurt, 2007 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Rheology in Marine Mammals

Castellini¹,

Başkurt²,

Castellini³

et al. 2010

Front. Physio.

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The field of blood oxygen transport and delivery to tissues has been studied by comparative physiologists for many decades. Within this general area, the particular differences in oxygen delivery between marine and terrestrial mammals has focused mainly on oxygen supply differences and delivery to the tissues under low blood flow diving conditions. Yet, the study of the inherent flow properties of the blood itself (hemorheology) is rarely discussed when addressing diving. However, hemorheology is important to the study of marine mammals because of the critical nature of the oxygen stores that are carried in the blood during diving periods. This review focuses on the essential elements of hemorheology, how they are defined and on fundamental rheological applications to marine mammals. While the comparative rationale used throughout the review is much broader than the particular problems associated with diving, the basic concepts focus on how changes in the flow properties of whole blood would be critical to oxygen delivery during diving. This review introduces the reader to most of the major rheological concepts that are relevant to the unique and unusual aspects of the diving physiology of marine mammals.

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