Asian-Pacific clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatitis B: a 2015 update

Sarin, Shiv Kumar; Kumar, Manoj; Lau, George; Abbas, Zaigham; Chan, Henry Lik‐Yuen; Chen, C. J.; Chen, D. S.; Chen, H. L.; Chen, P. J.; Chien, Rong‐Nan; Dokmeci, A. Kadir; Gane, Ed; Hou, Jinlin; Jafri, Wasim; Jia, Ji Dong; Kim, J. H.; Lai, Ching–Lung; Lee, H. C.; Lim, Seng Gee; Liu, Chun‐Jen; Locarnini, Stephen; Mahtab, Mamun Al; Mohamed, Rosmawati; Omata, Masao; Park, J.; Piratvisuth, Teerha; Sharma, Brijesh C.; Sollano, José D.; Wang, F. S.; Wei, Lai; Yuen, Man‐Fung; Zheng, Shu; Kao, Jia‐Horng

doi:10.1007/s12072-015-9675-4

Cited by 2,147 publications

(3,023 citation statements)

References 652 publications

(730 reference statements)

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“…Another study conducted on a Chinese population, the IL-18 -137 SNP with C allele was shown to be associated with protection against HBV infection [20]. The IL-18-137G/C polymorphism, but not the -607A/C polymorphism, showed a significant association with the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma [21]. Moreover, the IL-18-607 SNP with AA genotype was accompanied by inhibition of HBV DNA replication [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Association of Gene Polymorphisms and Serum Levels of IL-18 with the Susceptibility to Infection with Hepatitis B Virus

Hasan¹,

Naif²

2017

J Infect Dis Med

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Background: IL-18 gene polymorphisms is shown to be involved in various diseases. This study examines the influence of IL-18 gene polymorphism on the natural course of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection together with the impact of serum levels in Iraqi population for the first time.Methods: A total of 55 patients and similar numbers of healthy controls were recruited in this study. Gene polymorphisms at positions -607C/A and -137G/C of IL-18 were examined using the allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serum levels of IL-18 were determined by an ELISA kit.Results: Three genotypes of IL-18-607C/A (rs1946518) were observed and distributed variably in both patients and controls: CC, CA, and AA with frequencies 41 (82%), 3 (6%), and 6 (12%), in patients and in 44 (88%), 5 (10%), and 1 (2%) in the controls, respectively. The homozygous -607AA mutant genotype, A and C allele frequencies were significantly higher (p=0.043) in patients than the healthy control group (A: 15% and 7%, p=0.04 and C: 85% and 93%, p=0.04, respectively) (OR=2.3445, 95%CI=0.9121-6.0269). The effect of treatment against HBV on genotype and allele frequencies compared with untreated patients revealed that CC and AA genotypes were significantly higher (p=0.04) in treated than untreated patients mirrored results obtained in patients and controls. Three genotypes of IL-18-137G/C (rs187238) were observed in both patients and healthy controls: GG, GC, and CC that appeared in 30 (60%), 18 (36%), and 2 (4%) of HBV infected patients and in 32 (64%), 16 (32%), and 2 (4%) of the control group, respectively. No significant genotype or alleles (G and C) frequencies observed between patients and controls (OR=0.863, 95%CI=0.4485-1.7516). Serum levels of IL-18 was found to be significantly higher in HBV-infected patients compared to the control group. IL-18 levels decreased significantly by various genotypes of both SNPs and this was consistently associated with the mutant genotypes of -137 SNP.Conclusion: IL-18-607AA mutant genotype and C and A alleles were significantly associated with a high risk to HBV infection in Iraqi population, however, the -137 genotypes had no clear impact on the disease and its role as a protective factor needs further investigation. In contrast, the downregulation of the circulating levels of IL-18 in patients was associated with the -137 and -607 mutant genotypes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Association of Gene Polymorphisms and Serum Levels of IL-18 with the Susceptibility to Infection with Hepatitis B Virus

Hasan¹,

Naif²

2017

J Infect Dis Med

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“…1 Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for more than 80% of PLC, and more than half of HCC cases in China are caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV). 2,3 Although HBV is the most prominent etiology associated with HCC development, it is not directly involved in hepatocarcinogenesis. The pathogenesis of HBV-associated HCC remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-throughput T cell receptor sequencing reveals distinct repertoires between tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues in HBV-associated HCC

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2016

OncoImmunology

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T lymphocytes, which recognize antigen peptides through specific T cell receptors (TCRs), play an important role in the human adaptive immune response. TCR diversity is closely associated with host immune response and cancer prognosis. Although tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes have implications for tumor prognosis, few studies have performed a detailed characterization of TCR diversity in both tumor and non-tumor tissues in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we performed high-throughput sequencing of the TCRb chain complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) of liver-infiltrating T cells from 48 HBV-associated HCC patients. A significantly higher average number of CDR3 aa clonotypes (2259 vs. 1324, p < 0.001), and significantly higher TCR diversity (Gini coefficient, p < 0.001; Simpson index, p < 0.01; Shannon entropy, p < 0.001) were observed in tumor tissues compared with adjacent non-tumor tissues. The ratio of highly expanded clones (HECs) was significantly higher in non-tumor tissues than in tumor tissues when the HEC threshold was defined as 2% or greater (p < 0.05). Our analysis of the median Morisita-Horn index indicated weak TCR repertoire similarity between tumor and matched non-tumor tissues. The median number of shared clones in tumor tissue and matched non-tumor tissue from each patient was 360.5, representing 5.1-15.8% (10.6 § 0.4%) of all clones in each patient. We observed extensive heterogeneity of T lymphocytes in tumors and higher HEC ratios in adjacent non-tumor tissues of HCC patients. The differential T cell repertoires in tumor and non-tumor tissues suggest a distinct T cell immune microenvironment in patients with HBV-associated HCC.

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“…This is accompanied by a significant decrease in the incidence of infant fulminant hepatitis associated with chronic liver disease, mortality, and HCC [14,15].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antiviral therapies including lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, entecavir, telbivudine, tenofovir, and Peg-interferon have been widely prescribed for the treatment of HBV-related liver diseases worldwide [14,31,32]. Several large population-based and international studies have reveal that antiviral therapy could reduce the incidence of hepatic failure, cirrhosis, HCC, and mortality in CHB patients without alcoholism [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40].…”

Section: Treatment In Patients With Concomitant Hbv Infection and Alcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment and Prognosis of Hepatitis B Virus Concomitant with Alcoholism

Lin¹,

Lin²,

Yang³

2017

Advances in Treatment of Hepatitis C and B

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global disease worldwide. The Asia-Pacific regionhas a high prevalence of viral hepatitis, and Taiwan is a region of high prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with increasing alcoholic liver disease. We have investigated the prognosis and treatment of patients with concomitant hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and alcoholism. The 10-year cumulative incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is much higher in patients with concomitant alcoholism and HBV infection than in those with alcoholism or HBV infection alone. Treatment with antiviral therapy and abstinence may be started in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and compensated cirrhosis with high HBV DNA. In pre-cirrhotic cases, treatment with antiviral therapy and abstinence may be started in patients with persistently elevated ALT levels and high HBV DNA, and significant fibrosis with minimal elevated or normal ALT levels and mild high HBV DNA. Treatment with antiviral therapy and abstinence reduces the incidence of HCC in patients with concomitant HBV infection and alcoholism. In conclusion, patients with concomitant HBV infection and alcoholism have high incidence of cirrhosis, HCC, and mortality. Treatment with antiviral therapy and abstinence may be started to reduce the incidence of cirrhosis, HCC, and mortality in these patients.

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Asian-Pacific clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatitis B: a 2015 update

Cited by 2,147 publications

References 652 publications

Association of Gene Polymorphisms and Serum Levels of IL-18 with the Susceptibility to Infection with Hepatitis B Virus

Association of Gene Polymorphisms and Serum Levels of IL-18 with the Susceptibility to Infection with Hepatitis B Virus

High-throughput T cell receptor sequencing reveals distinct repertoires between tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues in HBV-associated HCC

Treatment and Prognosis of Hepatitis B Virus Concomitant with Alcoholism

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