ASIC With Multiple Energy Discrimination for High-Rate Photon Counting Applications

Geronimo, G. De; Dragone, A.; Grosholz, J.; O’Connor, P.; Vernon, E.

doi:10.1109/tns.2007.892650

Cited by 38 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The detector was operated with the cathode biased at −3000 V. An HPL v1.3 application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) readout system was used to measure the waveform signals and trigger signals of all channels. The ASIC was optimized for large dimension pixelated CZT sensors, and it measures the energy and timing of signals from 121 anodes and one cathode [10,[25][26][27]. The 3D CdZnTe detector collected the events generated by the sources located 2 cm above the cathode for calibration.…”

Section: Calculate the Interaction Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

DOI correction for gamma ray energy reconstruction based on energy segment in 3D position-sensitive CdZnTe detectors

Gong

Tang

et al. 2022

J. Inst.

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The amplitude of the induced signal in 3D CdZnTe detector depends on the depth of interaction (DOI). Therefore, calibrating the detector by using DOI correction technology plays a crucial role in improving the energy resolution of the detectors to gamma rays. The current DOI correction method focuses on the single energy gamma rays, and its application to multiple energy gamma-rays are not found. In this study, we propose an improved energy correction algorithm with excellent correction results in the multiple energy gamma-ray detection. In the experiment, the DOI correction factors of a CdZnTe detector under different energies are discussed. The energy resolution and peak height of multiple energy peaks in the energy spectrum are significantly improved by using the segment energy correction method. We also extend the DOI correction method to the gamma detectors used in the Compton imaging, and the influence of this method on the Compton imaging quality is also discussed. For a single 60Co point source, the intrinsic efficiency increases from 6.5‰ to 8.3‰.

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Section: Calculate the Interaction Depthmentioning

confidence: 99%

DOI correction for gamma ray energy reconstruction based on energy segment in 3D position-sensitive CdZnTe detectors

Gong

Tang

et al. 2022

J. Inst.

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“…The HERMES4 ASIC, based upon 350-nm CMOS technology, offers 32 channels of low-noise charge amplification, high-order shaping with baseline stabilisation, and peak detection for various low-noise analogue/digital processing ( Fig. 7(a)) [33,34]. For reducing stray capacitance and for suppressing signals stemming from electrical interconnections, each sensor segment in the array is wire-bonded directly to the input of the front-end readout channel ( Fig.…”

Section: Readout Electronics and Peripheriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Customisable X-ray fluorescence photodetector with submicron sensitivity using a ring array of silicon p-i-n diodes

Yoon¹

2018

Sci Rep

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The research and development of silicon-based X-ray fluorescence detectors achieved its submicron sensitivity. Its initial use is intended for in-situ beam monitoring at advanced light-source facilities. The effectively functioning prototype fully leveraged technologies and techniques from a wide array of scientific disciplines: X-ray fluorescence technique, photon scattering and spectroscopy, astronomical photometry, semiconductor physics, materials science, microelectronics, analytical and numerical modelling, and high-performance computing. At the design stage, the systematic two-track approach was taken with the aim of attaining its submicron sensitivity: Firstly, the novel parametric method, devised for system-wide full optimisation, led to a considerable increase in detector’s total solid angle (0.9 steradian), or integrated field-of-view (~3000 deg2), thus, in turn, yielding a substantial enhancement of its photon-detection efficiency. Secondly, the minimisation of all types of limiting noise sources identified resulted in a boost to detector’s signal-to-noise ratio, thereby achieving its targeted range of sensitivity. The subsequent synchrotron-radiation experiment with this X-ray detector demonstrated its capability to respond to 8-keV photon beams with 600-nanometre sensitivity. This Article reports on the innovative and effective design methods, formulated for systematising the process of custom-building ultrasensitive photodetectors, and future directions.

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“…A multiple energy window ASIC (MWASIC) [6] developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) was employed in the gamma camera to read out signals from the CZT detectors. Each ASIC has 64 readout channels, and each of them has a dedicated charge-sensitive amplifier (CSA), shaping circuits, discriminators, and digital counters for each energy window ( Figure 2).…”

Section: Readout Asicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact CdZnTe-based gamma camera for prostate cancer imaging

Cui

Lall²,

Tsui

et al. 2011

SPIE Proceedings

Self Cite

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In this paper, we discuss the design of a compact gamma camera for high-resolution prostate cancer imaging using Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CdZnTe or CZT) radiation detectors. Prostate cancer is a common disease in men. Nowadays, a blood test measuring the level of prostate specific antigen (PSA) is widely used for screening for the disease in males over 50, followed by (ultrasound) imaging-guided biopsy. However, PSA tests have a high falsepositive rate and ultrasound-guided biopsy has a high likelihood of missing small cancerous tissues. Commercial methods of nuclear medical imaging, e.g. PET and SPECT, can functionally image the organs, and potentially find cancer tissues at early stages, but their applications in diagnosing prostate cancer has been limited by the smallness of the prostate gland and the long working distance between the organ and the detectors comprising these imaging systems.CZT is a semiconductor material with wide band-gap and relatively high electron mobility, and thus can operate at room temperature without additional cooling. CZT detectors are photon-electron direct-conversion devices, thus offering high energy-resolution in detecting gamma rays, enabling energy-resolved imaging, and reducing the background of Compton-scattering events. In addition, CZT material has high stopping power for gamma rays; for medical imaging, a few-mm-thick CZT material provides adequate detection efficiency for many SPECT radiotracers. Because of these advantages, CZT detectors are becoming popular for several SPECT medical-imaging applications.Most recently, we designed a compact gamma camera using CZT detectors coupled to an application-specific-integratedcircuit (ASIC). This camera functions as a trans-rectal probe to image the prostate gland from a distance of only 1-5 cm, thus offering higher detection efficiency and higher spatial resolution. Hence, it potentially can detect prostate cancers at their early stages. The performance tests of this camera have been completed. The results show better than 6-mm resolution at a distance of I cm. Details of the test results are discussed in this paper.

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ASIC With Multiple Energy Discrimination for High-Rate Photon Counting Applications

Cited by 38 publications

References 22 publications

DOI correction for gamma ray energy reconstruction based on energy segment in 3D position-sensitive CdZnTe detectors

DOI correction for gamma ray energy reconstruction based on energy segment in 3D position-sensitive CdZnTe detectors

Customisable X-ray fluorescence photodetector with submicron sensitivity using a ring array of silicon p-i-n diodes

Compact CdZnTe-based gamma camera for prostate cancer imaging

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