Aspartate Aminotransferase Activity in Gingival Crevicular Fluid During Orthodontic Treatment. A Controlled Short‐Term Longitudinal Study

Perinetti, Giuseppe; Paolantonio, Michele; D’Attilio, Michele; D'Archivio, Domenico; Dolci, Marco; Femminella, Beatrice; Festa, Felice; Spoto, Giuseppe

doi:10.1902/jop.2003.74.2.145

Cited by 47 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…13,16,17 This method has been used especially for human studies, as it is a noninvasive method and repetitive sampling from the same side is possible. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Cytokines are local mediators released by cells of the immune system in response to stimulations, and orthodontic forces generate several cytokines that affect the formation and resorption of alveolar bone. 1,3,10,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Mechanical stress triggers the biological response of the periodontal ligament and plays an important role in remodeling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33 Thus, a lesser volume of GCF in the RDG may depend on reduced vascular supply because of the heavy force. On the other hand, Perinetti et al [4][5][6] suggested that inflammation rather than orthodontic tooth movement has an effect on the volume of GCF. In our study, initial PI, PD, and BOP were higher in the HRG, revealing more tendencies to gingival inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] A number of previous studies have been focused on certain cytokines and enzymes in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). In many previous studies, alkaline phosphatase, 4 lactate dehydrogenase, 5 aspartate aminotransferase, 6 prostaglandin E, 2,10-12 interleukin (IL)- 1␤, 2,10,13-16 IL-6, 15 IL-8, 17 tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-␣, [15][16][17][18] ␤-glucuronidase, 16 and transforming growth factor 19 have been evaluated. TNF-␣ is a typical mediator of inflammatory response that has been shown to be involved in the process of bone resorption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tumor Necrosis Factor–α Levels during Two Different Canine Distalization Techniques

Karaçay

Saygun

Bengi

et al. 2007

The Angle Orthodontist

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Objectives:To compare levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-␣ while applying continuous and heavy interrupted forces. Materials and Methods: A hybrid retractor was used in the first group. In the second group, rapid canine distalization through periodontal distraction was performed. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from the distal sides of the canine teeth before attaching the appliances and at 1 hour, 24 hours, and 1 week after the force was applied. Results: In the hybrid reactor group, concentration of TNF-␣ decreased at 1 week according to 24-hour measurements. In the rapid canine distalization group, it severely increased at 1 hour. In the evaluation of between-group differences, significantly higher values were determined in the rapid canine distalization group at 1 hour and 1 week. Conclusions: Heavy interrupted force induces a rapid release of TNF-␣, and the tissue response continues for a longer time period. To avoid the harmful effects of heavy interrupted force, there might be feedback mechanisms that prevent the mediators from increasing excessively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tumor Necrosis Factor–α Levels during Two Different Canine Distalization Techniques

Karaçay

Saygun

Bengi

et al. 2007

The Angle Orthodontist

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“…16,68 Markers, such as OC, TGF-b, ALP, TNFa, CAB, epidermal growth factor, beta-2-microglobulin, glycosaminoglycans components, PGE2 as well as LDH activity and AST activity have been found to be significantly elevated in the GCF surrounding teeth undergoing orthodontic movement. 5,30,33,45,50,54,[68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78] The levels of interleukins in the GCF, especially those of IL-1b, IL-8, IL-2 and IL-6 have been shown to increase during orthodontic treatment. 72,[79][80][81][82] The GCF level of MMPs and their inhibitors has been generally shown to peak at an average of 1 to 2 days after the application of the stimulus and return to baseline values after approximately 1 week.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biomarkers of Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: A Systematic Review

Alhadlaq¹

2015

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice

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Background The analysis of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) may be an acceptable way to examine the ongoing biochemical processes associated with bone turnover during orthodontic tooth movement. If it is possible to biologically monitor and predict the outcome of orthodontic forces, then the management of appliances could be based on individual tissue responses, and the effectiveness of the treatment could be improved. Methodology A literature search was carried out in major databases, such as medline, EMBASE, cochrane library, web of science, google scholar and scopus for relevant studies. Publications in English between 2000 and 2014 which estimated GCF markers as indicators of orthodontic tooth movement were included. Results The list of biomarkers available to date was compiled and presented in table format. Each biomarker is discussed separately based on the available evidence. Conclusion Several sensitive GCF markers are available to detect the biomechanical changes occurring during orthodontic tooth movement. Further focused research might help to analyze the sensitivity and reliability of these indicators, which in turn can lead to the development of chairside tests to assess the outcome of orthodontic therapy. How to cite this article Alhadlaq AM. Biomarkers of Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: A Systematic Review. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(7):578-587.

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“…GCF has been extensively studied as a source of sample [1,[6][7][8]. Inflammatory markers such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) [4] and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) [6,9] were studied. However, other inflammatory markers i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthodontic treatment effects on inflammatory marker profiles in saliva before and after 2 archwire changes

Yamamoto

Jaafar

Rohaya

et al. 2013

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Periodontal tissue changes exerted by external forces in orthodontic treatment allow tooth movement. The changes in periodontal tissues i.e. inflammation can be monitored using gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). GCF is a component of saliva. Saliva could be used to monitor periodontal disease progression. The use of saliva to monitor periodontal tissues changes during orthodontic treatment is still unknown. Therefore, we observed the profiles of inflammatory markers namely creatine kinase ('CK), nitric oxide (NO), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in saliva of orthodontic patients to evaluate their importance in orthodontic treatment. A total of 21 subjects (13 female and 8 male) participated in this study. Samples were collected from gingival crevicular fluid at three period of archwire changes: baseline (M0), 2 weeks after 0.014" NiTi archwire (M1), and 2 weeks after 0.018" NiTi archwire (M2). All enzyme activities i.e. CK, LDH and AST were measured spectrophotometrically at 340 nm. Griess assay was used to measure nitric oxide level. CK activity, NO level, LDH activity and AST activity in saliva samples did not show significant differences among period of archwire changes. The use of inflammatory marker profiles in saliva may not represent the changes in periodontal tissues during orthodontic treatment.

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Aspartate Aminotransferase Activity in Gingival Crevicular Fluid During Orthodontic Treatment. A Controlled Short‐Term Longitudinal Study

Abstract: Our results suggest that AST levels in GCF reflect the biological activity which occurs in the periodontium during controlled occlusal trauma and, therefore, should be further evaluated as a diagnostic tool for monitoring correct orthodontic tooth movement in clinical practice.

Cited by 47 publications

References 35 publications

Tumor Necrosis Factor–α Levels during Two Different Canine Distalization Techniques

Tumor Necrosis Factor–α Levels during Two Different Canine Distalization Techniques

Biomarkers of Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: A Systematic Review

Orthodontic treatment effects on inflammatory marker profiles in saliva before and after 2 archwire changes

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