Aspects of Rainforest Regeneration

Chandler, Graeme; Goosem, Stephen

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1982.tb03394.x

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…One early study of nitrogen cycling in a subtropical rainforest identified a pattern of more rapid rates of nitrification and nitrogen mineralization compared to temperate forests (Chandler and Goosem 1982). Later, Hiroto and Haibara (1994) used a laboratory incubation method to compare mineralization potentials at two slope positions in forest soils in Japan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Nitrogen Isotopes in a Forested Watershed in Taiwan

Owen¹

2013

Journal of Forest and Environmental Science

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Differences in rates and patterns of nitrogen cycling have been correlated with nitrogen stable isotope measurements in forest ecosystems of tropical and temperate regions, but limited similar work has been conducted in sub-tropical forests. This study investigated patterns in stable N isotopic composition in a subtropical forest in Taiwan by sampling three soil profiles and overstory and understory foliage. Soil δ 15 N in the forest floor ranged from -1.8 to 1.8‰. Mineral soils had higher δ 15 N (4.1 to 6.0‰). Foliage δ 15 N in overstory trees ranged from -6.6 to -2.0‰, and understory foliage δ 15 N ranged from -5.0 to -1.2‰. There was a weak correlation between foliar % N and δ 15 N (r 2 =0.214). Compared to results from similar surveys in tropical and temperate forests, foliar δ 15 N values were generally lower. These results help highlight the need for improved knowledge regarding the relationships between patterns in N stable isotopes and processes affecting rates of N cycling, especially as related to wider scale patterns in forest ecosystems within the east-Asia region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Nitrogen Isotopes in a Forested Watershed in Taiwan

Owen¹

2013

Journal of Forest and Environmental Science

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“…The concentrations of nutrients and phenolics typically differ in leaves of plants growing under different environmental conditions and in leaves of different ages, and these chemical traits may influence patterns of herbivory (Fox and Macauley, 1977;Chandler and Goosem, 1982;Coley, 1983a,b;Waterman et al, 1984;Meyer and Montgomery, 1987;Mole and Waterman, 1988;Denslow et al, 1990;Nichols-Orians and Schultz, 1990). Tannins are one class of phenolics that may influence selection of leaves by herbivores (Waltz, 1984;Mole and Waterman, 1988;Schultz, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marquis, personal communication). This may be because these growth conditions result in elevated concentrations in some plant species of carbon-based secondary compounds like tannins (Chandler and Goosem, 1982;Nichols-Orians, 1991b). However, leaves of plants growing in the sun and in nutrient-rich soil often have higher concentrations of both condensed tannins and foliar nutrients than the leaves of plants growing in the forest understory (Field and Mooney, 1986;Denslow et al, 1990;Nichols-Orians, 1991a), and these sun leaves have been found to be more acceptable to leafcutter ants than understory leaves (Nichols-Orians, 1991a;R.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condensed tannins, attine ants, and the performance of a symbiotic fungus

Orians

1991

J Chem Ecol

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Field experiments indicate that the foliar concentration of condensed tannin affects the selection of leaf material ofInga oerstediana Benth., a tropical legume tree, by leaf cutter ants. In one study an increase in tannin concentration was correlated with a decrease in the acceptability of leaves to leaf-cutter ants, except at low tannin concentrations. Protein concentration was not correlated with acceptability nor was the ratio of protein to tannin. Results from a second study suggest that when the concentration of tannin was low the ants appear to select leaves on the basis of nutrient availability. Laboratory assays with the ants indicated that quebracho tannin, a commercially available condensed tannin, inhibits foraging ants. Again, at lower concentrations, quebracho tannin appeared to have little affect on the ants. The fungus the ants cultivate is a wood-rotting Basidiomycete that produces enzymes, such as polyphenol oxidase (PPO), that are capable of inactivating tannins. The activity of these PPOs may explain why leaf-cutter ants are undeterred by low concentrations of condensed tannins. I hypothesized that PPO activity would be absent from fungal cultures without tannin and that only high concentrations of tannin would inhibit the fungus. Cultures with and without tannin showed similar PPO activity. Thus PPO activity is constitutive. In fact, as fungal biomass increased, so did PPO activity. As hypothesized, only high concentrations of quebracho tannin inhibited PPO activity and fungal growth. However, it is not clear whether the ants can discriminate between concentrations that do and do not inhibit the fungus.

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“…High NO 3 À -N /NH 4 + -N ratio in the present study indicated that our soils, like the subtropical rainforest of Australia, predominated in NO 3 À -N (Chandler and Goosem 1982). However, relatively greater accumulation of NO 3 À -N during the post-wet and dry seasons under all the tree species could probably be due to lack of leaching and run off losses owing to low amount of rainfall, and low vegetative uptake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 42%

Seasonal dynamics of mineral N pools and N-mineralization in soils under homegarden trees in South Andaman, India

2007

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Agroforestry trees are now well known to play a central role in the build up of nutrients pools and their transformations similar to that of forest ecosystem, however, information on the potential of homegarden trees accumulating and releasing nitrogen (mineralization) is lacking. The present study reports seasonal variations in pool sizes of mineral N (NH 4 + -N and NO 3 À -N), and net N-mineralization rate in relation to rainfall and temperature under coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), clove (Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb) and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt. Nees) trees in a coconut-spice trees plantation for two annual cycles in the equatorial humid climate of South Andaman Island of India. Concentration of NH 4 + -N was the highest during wet season (MayOctober) and the lowest during post-wet season (November-January) under all the tree species. On the contrary, concentration of NO 3 À -N was the lowest in the wet season and the highest during the post-wet season. However, concentrations of the mineral N were the highest under the nutmeg and the lowest under the coconut trees. Like the pool sizes, mean annual mineralization was the highest under the nutmeg (561 mg kg À1 yr À1 ) and the lowest under the coconut trees (393 mg kg À1 yr À1 ). Rate of mineralization was the highest during the post-wet season and the lowest during the dry season (FebruaryApril) under all the tree species. High rainfall during the wet season, however, reduced the rate of nitrification under all the tree species. The mean annual mineralization was logarithmically related with rainfall amount and mean monthly temperature.

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Aspects of Rainforest Regeneration

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Stable Nitrogen Isotopes in a Forested Watershed in Taiwan

Stable Nitrogen Isotopes in a Forested Watershed in Taiwan

Condensed tannins, attine ants, and the performance of a symbiotic fungus

Seasonal dynamics of mineral N pools and N-mineralization in soils under homegarden trees in South Andaman, India

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