Aspirin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly

Sarbacker, G. Blair; Ka, Lusk; La, Flieller; Liew, Van

doi:10.4140/tcp.n.2016.24

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, its mechanism of action remains to be determined. Low doses of aspirin are also used for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease to prevent antithrombotic formation (25). Previous findings have shown that aspirin has a role in reducing cancer risk, but whether it can be used as an anticancer drug for cancer patients was unknown until recently (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous findings have shown that aspirin has a role in reducing cancer risk, but whether it can be used as an anticancer drug for cancer patients was unknown until recently (26). Based on the safety of aspirin for clinical use over the years and its anti-tumor activity (25), it was investigated whether aspirin can also play a role in lung cancer treatment and the effect of aspirin on lung cancer PC-9 cells observed. However, the results of the present study indicated that aspirin stimulated the proliferation of PC-9 cells at low concentrations and significantly inhibited PC-9 cells growth at 8 mM or higher concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Low‑doses of aspirin promote the growth of human PC‑9 lung cancer cells through activation of the MAPK family

Qian

Dai

2021

Exp Ther Med

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Aspirin has been reported for its anti-tumor activity, however, there are few studies on its effects in lung cancer. The present study found that aspirin had a dual role in the proliferation of human lung cancer PC-9 (formerly known as PC-14) and A549 cells, and in human colon cancer HCT116 cells. The cells were treated with 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mM aspirin for 24-72 h or 7-12 days and cell proliferation was examined by MTT and colony formation assay. In order to explore the relationship between the proliferation-enhancing effect of low-dose aspirin and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling activation, PC-9 cells were pretreated with 10 µM PD98059 (a specific inhibitor of ERK), SB203580 (a specific inhibitor of p38) and SP600125 (a specific inhibitor of JNK) for 30 min respectively. Western blot assay was performed to detect the activation of MAPK members in PC-9 cells. Cellular apoptosis was detected using flow cytometer-based Annexin V/propidium iodide dual staining. An assessment of MAPK inhibitors was performed to further validate the role of JNK, p38 and ERK in aspirin-promoted PC-9 cell growth. It was demonstrated that aspirin could promote the growth of human PC-9 lung cancer cells and induced MAPK activation at low concentrations. All the MAPK inhibitors tested (PD98059, SB203580 and SP600125) were able to inhibit the aspirin-induced proliferation of PC-9 cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low‑doses of aspirin promote the growth of human PC‑9 lung cancer cells through activation of the MAPK family

Qian

Dai

2021

Exp Ther Med

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“…Therefore, the previous and present findings implicated that the characteristics of the peripheral platelet in NAFLD individuals should be further investigated in future. Furthermore, considering some drugs like aspirin could decrease the peripheral platelet counts and was generally used in the NAFLD patients co-existed with chronic metabolic diseases such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia [ 24 , 25 ], more larger studies are needed to establish whether a platelet examination including platelet counts, MPV and etc., should be routinely performed in all NAFLD individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of reduced platelet counts in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a prospective cohort study

Liu¹,

Zhou²,

Cao³

et al. 2018

Lipids Health Dis

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BackgroundThe production of peripheral platelet is mainly regulated by thrombopoietin, which is a glycoprotein hormone predominantly synthesized in the liver. Previously, many studies have reported that there was an inverse correlation between the degree of chronic viral hepatitis and the peripheral platelet count. However, the effect of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) on the peripheral platelet counts remains unclear.MethodsWith 1303 participants from “The prevention of MS and multi-metabolic disorders in Jiangsu province of China (PMMJS)” cohort study, we investigated the associations between NAFLD and the risk of platelet counts reduction in Chinese adults. The paired-samples T test was used to explore the platelet counts changes between baseline and follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between presence of NAFLD and the risk of platelet reduction by calculating the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsAfter five years of follow-up, platelet counts were markedly reduced from 220.6 ± 42.22 (109/L) at baseline to 208.41 ± 40.70 (109/L) at follow-up in NAFLD group (P < 0.0001). However, platelet counts were slightly lowered from 213.2 ± 43.26(109/L) at baseline to 211.8 ± 41.65 (109/L) at follow-up in non-NAFLD people (P = 0.2349). Meanwhile, there was a significant association between NAFLD and the risks of platelet count reduction, even after adjustment for confounding variables (OR: 1.68, 95% CI: 1.06–2.67). Additionally, among the participants with BMI ≤ 23 kg/m2 and SUA ≤ 344.3 μmol/L, the NAFLD participants have an increased risk of platelet count reduction compared to the persons in non-NAFLD group.ConclusionsOur present results suggested that NAFLD individuals have an increased risk of platelet counts reduction.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12944-018-0865-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Other evidence supporting a causal role of local platelet activation in the pathogenesis of acute coronary events comes from studies demonstrating that aspirin, an inhibitor of platelet thromboxane A 2 (TxA 2 ) synthesis, reduces the incidence of acute myocardial infarction and of cardiac death in patients with unstable angina. Recently, aspirin’s antiplatelet limitations have progressively underscored the critical need for improved platelet aggregation inhibitor therapy which is not only effective, but also safe and well tolerated [11, 48, 49]. This concept has stimulated research into prevention of platelet hyperactivity by several means including dietary supplementation.…”

Section: Role Of Platelet Hyperactivity In the Development Of Cvdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even without affecting blood coagulation directly, many antiplatelet drugs, taken on a chronic basis, give rise to excessive platelet inhibition and are associated with internal bleeding. These potentially serious side effects mean that antiplatelet therapy, a fundamental aspect of CVD secondary prevention, is contraindicated for primary prevention as the benefit conferred (lowering risk of a first CVD event in relatively low risk groups) is outweighed by the increased risk of gastric or intracranial bleeding [ 49 ]. This judgement was recently revisited by the US FDA, in the context of increasing obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus levels in relatively young populations, but was upheld [ 69 ].…”

Section: Safety Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fruitflow®: the first European Food Safety Authority-approved natural cardio-protective functional ingredient

O’Kennedy

Raederstorff²,

Duttaroy

2016

Eur J Nutr

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Hyperactive platelets, in addition to their roles in thrombosis, are also important mediators of atherogenesis. Antiplatelet drugs are not suitable for use where risk of a cardiovascular event is relatively low. It is therefore important to find alternative safe antiplatelet inhibitors for the vulnerable population who has hyperactive platelets in order to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Potent antiplatelet factors were identified in water-soluble tomato extract (Fruitflow®), which significantly inhibited platelet aggregation. Human volunteer studies demonstrated the potency and bioavailability of active compounds in Fruitflow®. Fruitflow® became the first product in Europe to obtain an approved, proprietary health claim under Article 13(5) of the European Health Claims Regulation 1924/2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods. Fruitflow® is now commercially available in different countries worldwide. In addition to its reduction in platelet reactivity, Fruitflow® contains anti-angiotensin-converting enzyme and anti-inflammatory factors, making it an effective and natural cardio-protective functional food.

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Aspirin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

Low‑doses of aspirin promote the growth of human PC‑9 lung cancer cells through activation of the MAPK family

Low‑doses of aspirin promote the growth of human PC‑9 lung cancer cells through activation of the MAPK family

Risk of reduced platelet counts in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a prospective cohort study

Fruitflow®: the first European Food Safety Authority-approved natural cardio-protective functional ingredient

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