Assessing Age-Related Changes in Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Phenotypes in Labrador Retriever Dogs Using Flow Cytometry

Heaton, Paul R.; Blount, Daniel G.; Devlin, Pauline; Koelsch, Stephan; Mann, Sarah; Smith, Brigitte H. E.; Stevenson, Joy; Harper, E. Jean

doi:10.1093/jn/132.6.1655s

Cited by 32 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The increase in CD8 + lymphocyte population and an associated decrease in the CD4 + :CD8 + ratio appear to be characteristic of an ageing immune system. This typical effect of aging has been observed in our previous study and other canine studies [6,10,11,20]. In addition, a lower total count of lymphocytes was associated with an increased risk of mortality in older humans [2,12].…”

supporting

confidence: 85%

Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets as a Prognostic Indicator of Mortality and Morbidity in Healthy Dogs

Watabe

Hanazono

Komatsu

et al. 2012

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. To evaluate the relationship among immune status and increased morbidity and mortality, peripheral blood lymphocytes (CD3 + , CD4 + , CD8 + and CD21 + cells) from 32 healthy dogs over 8 years of age were analyzed. Twenty-five of the 32 dogs were followed-up for 3 years after the analysis; and 14 dogs were found to be diseased, and nine dogs died. There was no notable difference between the ages of the dogs that died compared with the ones that survived. The relative percentage of CD4 + and the CD4 + :CD8 + ratio decreased notably in dogs falling ill compared with healthy dogs. The relative percentage of CD3 + lymphocytes showed a notable decrease in dogs that died within 3 years in comparison with dogs that survived. In a discriminant analysis of morbidity and mortality, most patients were correctly classified as diseased or not and surviving or dead, respectively. These results indicate that the immunophenotypes of peripheral blood lymphocytes in older dogs offer promise as parameters for evaluating mortality and morbidity.

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supporting

confidence: 85%

Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets as a Prognostic Indicator of Mortality and Morbidity in Healthy Dogs

Watabe

Hanazono

Komatsu

et al. 2012

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Old cats typically present weight loss and reduction of lean body mass (Harper, 1998b) without a corresponding decrease in caloric intake (Peachey and Harper, 2002). They also have decrease in lymphocyte populations (CD4 and CD21 cells) that might result in decreased immunocompetence (Heaton et al., 2002). It is possible that nutrition plays a role in these alterations, although more accurate studies are required to support this theory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient digestibility, but not mineral absorption, is age-dependent in cats

Teshima

Brunetto

Vasconcellos

et al. 2010

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition

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Availability of nutrients is influenced by extremes of age, and a better characterization of this influence is necessary for appropriate development of foods and nutritional management throughout life stages of cats. This study investigated nutrient digestibility, mineral absorption, faeces and urine production in three groups of six young, mature and old cats fed two diets containing different energy densities. Apparent digestibility and mineral absorption were calculated by total collection method and values were tested with anova and regression analysis. A quadratic relationship was detected between age and digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, acid-hydrolysed fat and starch in the low-energy diet. Starch digestibility showed the same response in the high-energy diet. Young adult cats had intermediate digestibility, mature cats the highest and old cats the lowest. Mineral absorption (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium and chloride) and urinary pH were not different among groups. These findings confirm previous studies that found low digestibility of nutrients in some old cats, and support evidence that this trend is even more important in less digestible dry foods. On the contrary, data suggest that mineral formulations do not need to be varied in diets for adult cats of different ages.

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“…Adaptive immunity seems to be greatly affected. Most of the studies on age-related changes in immune responses focus on T lymphocyte numbers and function, and describe a general reduction in protective immunity, decrease in cell numbers, downregulated proliferative capacity, and altered cytokine production (Muralidhar et al 1992;Nordin and Collins 1983;Heaton et al 2002;Pawelec et al 2002). Several studies demonstrate that the response of T cells in aged individuals is decreased compared to young individuals, both in humans (Haynes et al 2000;Miller 1991Miller , 1996 and mice (Haynes et al 1999(Haynes et al , 2002Linton et al 1996;Eaton et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in dendritic cell function in aged mice: potential implications for immunotherapy design

et al. 2008

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It is known that immune system functions decrease with age, and that adaptive immune responses, especially CD4+ T cell function, seem to be the main affected point in immunity with aging. Dendritic cells (DC) are the major antigen presenting cell (APC), and at least part of the defects observed in adaptive immunity of aged individuals could be due to diminished potential of bone marrow to generate new DC, or defects in DC function. In this study, we investigated if the ability of aged bone marrow (BM) to generate new DC in vitro, as well as aged BM-derived DC responses to lypopolysaccharide (LPS). Because DC are important tools in newly developing anti-tumor therapies, we also studied the ability of aged DC to phagocytose and present antigen from necrotic tumor cells. We found that aged BM generated fewer DC in vitro compared to young BM. While LPS-induced DC maturation is reduced in DC of aged mice, a high TNF-alpha production is observed in aged DC even without LPS stimulation. While phagocytosis of tumor cells is not affected by age, and DC derived from aged BM show a higher TNF-alpha production in response to phagocytosis, presentation of tumor antigens was decreased in aged DC. Because class II upregulation in response to phagocytosis was similar between aged and young DC, this could indicate an age associated processing defect in the exogenous pathway. These findings suggest that age of BM used to generate DC does not impair their phagocytic ability or TNF-alpha production, however leads to a decreased yield in mature DC, reduced response to LPS, and diminished antigen processing/presentation potential. Our results are relevant to optimization DC-based vaccine design for aged populations.

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Assessing Age-Related Changes in Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Phenotypes in Labrador Retriever Dogs Using Flow Cytometry

Cited by 32 publications

References 23 publications

Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets as a Prognostic Indicator of Mortality and Morbidity in Healthy Dogs

Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets as a Prognostic Indicator of Mortality and Morbidity in Healthy Dogs

Nutrient digestibility, but not mineral absorption, is age-dependent in cats

Alterations in dendritic cell function in aged mice: potential implications for immunotherapy design

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