Assessing and Modelling the Interactions of Instrumented Particles with Bed Surface at Low Transport Conditions

Alhusban, Zaid; Valyrakis, Manousos

doi:10.3390/app11167306

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 66 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…Lithic artifacts can form part of these processes as another component, or remain static and be affected by the particles being transported across their surfaces. Commonly, three modes of particle transport are described in fluvial sedimentary contexts— rolling, sliding, and saltation (Alhusban & Valyrakis, 2021)—although alterations cause by saltation are rarely seen on stone tools (Petraglia & Potts, 1994). In addition to alterations resulting from fluvial contexts, stone artifacts might also be affected by aeolian particle transport, which results in wind abrasion (Stapert, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The quantification of surface abrasion on flint stone tools

Bustos‐Pérez,

Ollé

2023

Archaeometry

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Lithic artifacts are some of the most common and numerous remains recovered from paleolithic archaeological sites. However, these materials can undergo multiple post‐depositional alterations after their introduction into the archaeological record. Due to the high quantity of lithic remains recovered, a quick, flexible, and effective method for identifying degrees of alteration on the surface of lithic implements is highly desirable. The present study examines the use of gray level images to obtain quantitative data from the surface of flint artifacts and determine whether these images can detect the presence of post‐depositional alterations. An experimental collection of flints was subjected to sequential episodes of rounding in a tumbling machine. After each episode, photographs were taken with a microscope, resulting in quantitative surface values using gray level values. The quantitative surface values were used as variables in machine learning models to determine time of exposure and the most salient variables for discrimination. Our results indicate that the extraction of metrics from gray level images successfully capture changes in the surface of flint artifacts caused by post‐depositional processes. Additional results provide insight into which areas to sample when seeking post‐depositional alterations and underscore the importance of particle size in the generation of alterations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The quantification of surface abrasion on flint stone tools

Bustos‐Pérez,

Ollé

2023

Archaeometry

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Assessing sediment transport dynamics from energy perspective by using the instrumented particle

Alhusban

Valyrakis

2022

International Journal of Sediment Research

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Assessing Riverbed Surface Destabilization Risk Downstream Isolated Vegetation Elements

Valyrakis

Gilja

et al. 2022

Water

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A few decades ago, river erosion protective approaches were widely implemented, such as straightening the river course, enhancing riverbed/bank stability with layers of concrete or riprap, and increasing channel conveyance capacity (i.e., overwidening). However, recent research has established that such practices can be tremendously costly and adversely affect the rivers’ ecological health. To alleviate these effects, green river restoration has emerged as a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach that can reduce the negative impact of the riverbed and bank destabilization and flooding. One of the typical green restoration measures, especially for instream habitat improvement, is the establishment of instream vegetation, which leads to a more diversified flow regime, increasing habitat availability and serving as refugia for aquatic species. Within the perspective presented above, flow–vegetation interaction problems for several decades received significant attention. In these studies, rigid rods have commonly been used to simulate these vegetative roughness elements without directly assessing the riverbed destabilization potential. Here, an experimental study is carried out to investigate the effect of different instream vegetation porosity on the near-bed flow hydrodynamics and riverbed destabilization potential for a range of simulated vegetation species. Specifically, the flow field downstream, four distinct simulated vegetation elements is recorded using an acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV), assuming about the same solid volume fraction for the different vegetation elements. In addition, bed destabilization potential is assessed by recording with optical means (a He-Ne laser with a camera system) the entrainment rate of a 15 mm particle resting on the uniform bed surface and the number of impulses above a critical value. Results revealed that the number of impulses above a critical value at the normalized distance equal to two is a good indicator for cylinder and five for other vegetation to assess the riverbed destabilization potential. The experimental findings from this study have interesting geomorphological implications regarding the destabilization of the riverbed surface (removal of coarse particles induced by high magnitude turbulent impulses) and the successful establishment of seedlings downstream of instream vegetation.

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Assessing and Modelling the Interactions of Instrumented Particles with Bed Surface at Low Transport Conditions

Cited by 3 publications

References 66 publications

The quantification of surface abrasion on flint stone tools

The quantification of surface abrasion on flint stone tools

Assessing sediment transport dynamics from energy perspective by using the instrumented particle

Assessing Riverbed Surface Destabilization Risk Downstream Isolated Vegetation Elements

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