Assessing gene expression during pathogenesis: Use of qRT-PCR to follow toxin production in the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana during infection and immune response of the insect host Triatoma infestans

Lobo, Luciana Silva; Luz, Christian; Fernandes, Éverton K. K.; Juárez, M. Patricia; Pedrini, Nicolás

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2015.04.004

Cited by 27 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The mycelium absorbs nutrients in hemolymph that contain trehaloses, proteins, and fats. In addition, fungi that have protease and lipases enzymes grow faster and fill the hemocoel thereby affecting the insect blood quicker (Lobo et al 2015;Ondiaka et al 2015). Furthermore, the demisal of C. formicarius can be attributed to the toxic compounds in the hemocoel which caused dysfunction in the nervous system and brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The virulence improvement of Beauveria bassiana in infecting Cylas formicarius modulated by various chitin based compounds

Saputro

Prayogo²,

Rohman

et al. 2019

Biodiversitas

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Saputro TB, Prayogo Y, Rohman FL, Alami NH. 2019. The virulence improvement of Beauveria bassiana in infecting Cylas formicarius modulated by various chitin based compounds. Biodiversitas 20: 2486-2493. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is one of alternative carbohydrate source with an important role in food production, animal feed industries, and as raw materials for other derivatives. However, severe losses are constantly occured in its production due to a notorious pest known as sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius). The chemical insecticides commonly used to treat the pest, but have not been efficient in eliminating C.formicarius. Beauveria bassiana is well known as a biological control agent, has been identified to effectively eliminate the pest. The aim of this research is to observe the optimum concentration of several chitin-based compounds in improving the virulence of B. bassiana. The research was conducted by the addition of chitin from various sources -insects, crustaceans and mollusk shells in a growth medium of B. Bassiana. Moreover, conidia produced by B.bassiana was exposed to C.formicarius to investigate the mortality rate of this insect. The results showed four different characteristics of colonies -velvety, wooly, pellicular, and farinaceous. The 1% chitin from Tellina sp, (P9), was found to be the best treatment which increased the growth of the colony diameter attaining 6.7cm in 20 days, increased the conidia viability that reaches 93.5%. In addition, the highest mortality percentage of C. formicarius was 91.67% in P9 at 6 days after infection. Overall, this research gave new potential sources of chitin that can be applied in improving the virulence of B. Bassiana in eliminating C. formicarius.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The virulence improvement of Beauveria bassiana in infecting Cylas formicarius modulated by various chitin based compounds

Saputro

Prayogo²,

Rohman

et al. 2019

Biodiversitas

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“…Passive mechanisms include several "hiding" tactics, such as changes in cell wall composition that eliminate cell surface components associated with nonself-recognition, thus allowing hyphal bodies to circulate freely in the hemolymph (Gillespie, Bailey, Cobb, & Vilcinskas, 2000;Pendland & Boucias, 1998;Wang & St Leger, 2006). Active mechanisms refer to secretion of cytotoxic compounds into host hemolymph (Lobo, Luz, Fernandes, Juárez, & Pedrini, 2015;Pal, St Leger, & Wu, 2007;Vey, Matha, & Dumas, 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The entomopathogenic fungusNomuraea rileyiimpairs cellular immunity of its hostHelicoverpa armigera

Zhong

Liu

Wang

et al. 2017

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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In this study, we investigated the effect of the entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi on Helicoverpa armigera cellular immune responses. Nomuraea rileyi infection had no effect on total hemocyte count (THC), but impaired hemocyte-mediated phagocytosis, nodulation, and encapsulation responses. Nomuraea rileyi infection led to a significant reduction in hemocyte spreading. An in vitro assay revealed that plasma from N. rileyi infected H. armigera larvae suppressed the spreading ability of hemocytes from naïve larvae. We infer that N. rileyi suppresses the cellular immune response of its host, possibly by secreting exogenous, cytotoxic compounds into the host's hemolymph.

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“…The first studies on the potential of B. bassiana as biological control tool against triatomines were done by Romaña et al (1987). From then, several biological and biochemical traits on the interaction between triatomine insects and their fungal pathogens have been described, including the very initial mechanism of cuticle penetration (Napolitano and Juárez, 1997;Juárez et al, 2000, Pedrini et al, 2007, the effects of molting and starvation on the insect susceptibility to the fungal pathogen (Luz et al, 2003a), the importance of conidial autodissemination on the overall insect mortality (Forlani et al, 2011), and the effect of fungal infection in female fecundity and oviposition (Forlani et al, 2015) and in immune response (Flores-Villegas et el., 2016;Lobo et al, 2015). Also, a good number of fungal isolates with potential to be used in the biological control of triatomines have been reported (Garcia et al, 2016;Juárez et al, 2000;Luz et al, 1998;Lecuona et al, 2001).…”

Section: An Overview On the Interaction Between Triatomines And Entommentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the coevolution between Triatoma infestans and its fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana

Mannino

Juárez

Pedrini

2018

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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The chemical control of Triatoma infestans, the major Chagas disease vector in southern South America, has been threatened in the last years by the emergence of pyrethroid-resistant bug populations. As an alternative approach, the efficacy of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to control T. infestans populations (regardless their pyrethroid susceptibility) has been demonstrated. Growing research efforts on the interaction between T. infestans and B. bassiana by molecular, ecological, biochemical and behavioral traits has allowed framing such interaction as an evolutionary arms race. This review will focus on the relationships established in this particular host-pathogen system, compiling available data on the relevance of fungal pathogenesis, insect behavior, population dynamics and human intervention to favor fungal dissemination in bug populations. The current snapshot shows the fungus ahead in the evolutionary arms race and predicts a promissory landscape for the biological control of Chagas disease vectors.

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Assessing gene expression during pathogenesis: Use of qRT-PCR to follow toxin production in the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana during infection and immune response of the insect host Triatoma infestans

Cited by 27 publications

References 39 publications

The virulence improvement of Beauveria bassiana in infecting Cylas formicarius modulated by various chitin based compounds

The virulence improvement of Beauveria bassiana in infecting Cylas formicarius modulated by various chitin based compounds

The entomopathogenic fungusNomuraea rileyiimpairs cellular immunity of its hostHelicoverpa armigera

Tracing the coevolution between Triatoma infestans and its fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana

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