Assessing Injuries with Proxies: Implications for Understanding Concurrent Relations and Behavioral Antecedents of Pediatric Injuries

Abstract

This study was the first to examine concurrent associations among minor injuries, close calls, and medically attended injuries. Prospective antecedents of each injury assessment were also examined. The present findings signify the importance of distinguishing between these different methods of assessing pediatric injury. The study also illustrated that different analytic strategies were needed to represent observed data of each outcome variable.

The mediating role of hyperactivity and inattention on sex differences in paediatric injury risk

“…The present results indicate that the importance of child sex as a predictor of child injury risk decreases substantially in the context of additional attributes of children, namely hyperactive/inattentive behaviour patterns. This finding is consistent with two recent studies in which the importance of child sex as a predictor of injury was non‐significant in the presence of other predictors (Karazsia & van Dulmen 2008, 2010). These findings also have important implications for injury prevention efforts, because they highlight potential targets that may explain why boys are at an increased risk of injury relative to girls.…”

“…Manheimer & Mellinger 1967; Schwebel & Gaines 2007), which may explain the disparity in injury risk across boys and girls. Consistent with this notion, Karazsia and van Dulmen (2008, 2010) reported that the importance of child sex as a prospective predictor of paediatric injuries diminishes when other child attributes are included as predictors (e.g. child temperament).…”

“…For the analysis of lifetime injury history, we adopted a regression model designed to handle instances of zero‐inflation (Long & Freese 2006) and that has been used in previous research with paediatric injuries (e.g. Karazsia & van Dulmen 2008, 2010; Schwebel & Brezausek 2009). Ordinary least squares regression assumes that the dependent variable is normally distributed (Cohen et al .…”

Exercise-Based Training Strategies to Reduce the Incidence or Mitigate the Risk Factors of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in Adult Football (Soccer) Players: A Systematic Review

“…As a result of the low number of ACL injuries suffered per season, some potentially effective interventions could not be able to reach significance when rate is used to evaluate their efficacy [21,22]. As an alternative, in the purpose of reducing ACL injuries, intervention programs could be also developed with the aim of modifying risk factors of ACL injury [23], and efficacy could be assessed by measuring changes in proxy factors (i.e., surrogates of injury) [24,25]. Specifically, the identification of modifiable risk factors would increase the potential for screening athletes at higher risk and targeting interventions to address the specific mechanisms that increase ACL injury risk [26,27].…”

Brief treatment analysis for elopement in an outpatient clinic setting

“…To date, few data exist which examine the prevalence of elopement behavior in young children. There is extensive research that suggests that young children (ages 1 to 5 years) often possess many of the attributes associated with increased risk for unintentional injuries (Borse et al, 2008;Damashek et al, 2005;Karazsia & van Dulmen, 2010;Morrongiello & Matheis, 2004). These attributes such as poor inhibitory control, temperament characteristics, and sensation seeking all increase a child's risk for sustaining unintentional injuries (Schwebel & Bounds, 2003) and are very common during early childhood.…”