Assessing large-scale violence against children surveys in selected Southeast Asian countries: A scoping review

Arifiani, Sandra Dewi; Handayani, Sri Andini; Baumont, Monique; Bennouna, Cyril; Kusumaningrum, Santi

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.05.005

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…International analyses of the prevalence of violence against children have grown significantly in the last decade, 27 , 28 bolstered by the global school-based student health survey, 29 a World Health Organization (WHO) and United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention collaboration, and the Violence Against Children Surveys that were first conducted in 2007. 30 Historically, however, many epidemiological studies on violence against children have lacked methodological rigour, focused on high-income countries and produced imprecise data.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global priority: addressing violence against children

Shawar

Shiffman

2021

Bull. World Health Organ.

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Objective To determine the reasons for the lack of priority given to addressing violence against children, and to identify the challenges that proponents must address to improve prioritization of this issue. Methods We reviewed relevant literature to identify experts to interview. We carried out a thematic analysis of the literature and interview transcripts. We iteratively developed data coding on the many characteristics of violence against children, on the framing of the issue by proponents, and on the problem of governance – that is, how proponents organize themselves for collective action. Findings The analysis of our data sources reveals many obstacles for global prioritization of addressing violence against children, including the forms of violence considered, inadequate data to describe prevalence and a lack of evidence of the effectiveness of proposed solutions. There exists fundamental disagreement among proponents on the recently introduced frame of violence against children, including differences in the types of violence that should be prioritized and in the proposed solutions (e.g. prevention or remediation). On governance, competition between networks focused on specific forms of violence is hampering efforts to create strong governing institutions. Conclusion Despite the complex challenges identified, proponents have made some progress in global prioritization of addressing violence against children. To improve this prioritization further, proponents must resolve framing tensions and strengthen governance mechanisms to promote shared goals, while ensuring that networks focused on particular forms of violence are able to maintain their distinct identities.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A global priority: addressing violence against children

Shawar

Shiffman

2021

Bull. World Health Organ.

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“…This indicates a relatively stronger relationship pattern between respondents and adults versus respondents and peers. However, there are indications of corporal punishment from parents/guardians as a common approach to correcting children’s behaviour, as found by previous studies [ 37 , 47 ], especially by male adults. We do not go into detail on the relationship between the offender and the victim, although this suggests problems in adolescents’ and adults’ perceptions of violence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The large proportion of offenders among adolescents is in accord with a meta-analysis study that supports the increasing findings of aggressive behaviour in children [ 46 ]. However, the violence report rate is relatively low in many countries, particularly if it depends on police forensic reports [ 38 , 47 ]. The Child Protection Law in Indonesia mandates the obligation to report cases of violence against children; therefore, health professionals (or anyone) should not have any doubt to report such cases to legal authorities [ 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-sectional survey of underreported violence experienced by adolescents: a study from Indonesia

et al. 2022

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Background Global studies on adolescent victims of violence require serious attention due to the possibility that underreported cases may be higher than official records indicate. Since Indonesia expects to witness a demographic bonus, extensive research is needed to strengthen early detection, case handling, and prevention. Here, we report the outcomes of a survey on physical, verbal, and sexual violence experienced by adolescents in West Java, an Indonesian province inhabited by 18% of the country’s total population. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 2017 using the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool for Children (ICAST-C) questionnaire for detecting child abuse; an expert panel translated, simplified, and validated it based on a theoretical framework that combines paediatrics, public health, and medicolegal perspectives. We aimed to cover a large sample size and explore three types of violence (physical, verbal, and sexual) that have high evidentiary value in the forensic context. The respondents were adolescents in the first and second grades of middle school (12 to 14 years old) and high school (15 to 17 years old) in seven cities/municipalities in the province, selected through several stages of simple random sampling (N = 3452). We analysed the samples through univariate (percentage), odds ratio (OR), comparison, correlation, and correspondence analyses. Results The results showed that 78.7% of the adolescents experienced violence in 2017, comprising those who encountered at least one incidence of physical violence (43.1%), verbal violence (12.2%), and sexual violence (4.5%). Data overlap includes 14.3% who experienced one type of violence in 2017, 7.4% who experienced two forms of violence, and 1.4% who underwent all three kinds of violence. The offenders were mainly adolescents across all types of violence, except for being forced to engage in sexual intercourse. Several victims of sexual violence did not state who the offenders were. Further, several characteristics showed a higher chance of experiencing violence than other characteristics, especially for adolescents who were still in middle school and those who lived only with their mothers. Correspondence analysis suggested subtle differences between characteristics. Conclusion We expect this study to help identify risk and protective factors that are essential to strengthening early detection efforts, decisive medicolegal examinations, case handling, and policy-making.

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“…The revised Indonesian Marriage Act of 1974 has been regulating marriage in a more general fashion since then. The current Indonesian Marriage Act 1974 contains a provision that implies child marriage prevention it mentions a minimum age for marriage The term 'minimum age for marriage' refers to the age at which a person is allowed by law to marry (Arifiani et al, 2019). Comparatively, the Joint General Recommendation by CEDAW and CRC indicates that child marriage occurs when one of the parties is under 18 years old.…”

Section: The Available Legal Protections Against Child Marriage In Indonesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Legal Protection Against Child Marriage in Indonesia

Aditya

Waddington

2021

BESTUUR

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<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p class="AbstractText">Every child is a human being who possesses the right to justice, freedom, and opportunity to develop regardless of nationality, race, religion, or skin complexion. These rights of children are guaranteed by the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights. However, its reality indicates otherwise, as children are often the victims of exploitation. One of the worst such kinds of child exploitation is child marriage. This study aims to analyze the legal protection against child marriage in Indonesia. This research is conducted through the normative analysis of various written sources. This study concludes that the Indonesian Child's Act even has a provision that stipulates the obligation of parents to prevent early marriages. However, that the law is somewhat effective in Indonesia. Unfortunately, the fatal flaw is the low-threshold provision that enables parents to request dispensation for early marriage. This shatters all the efforts to eliminate child marriage. Thus far, the Indonesian Government also has shown its reluctance to ever amend discriminatory provisions in the Indonesian Marriage Act related to the practice of child marriage despite numerous recommendations from the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women.</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

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Assessing large-scale violence against children surveys in selected Southeast Asian countries: A scoping review

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

A global priority: addressing violence against children

A global priority: addressing violence against children

Cross-sectional survey of underreported violence experienced by adolescents: a study from Indonesia

The Legal Protection Against Child Marriage in Indonesia

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