Assessing partial ambiguity resolution and WZTD-constraint multi-frequency RTK in an urban environment using new BDS signals

Liu, Yu; Гао, Зонгшенг; Xu, Qiaozhuang; Li, You; Chen, Liang

doi:10.1007/s10291-022-01274-8

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…A medium to long baseline DD functional model for pseudo-range and carrier-phase can be expressed as (Shu et al, 2018;Liu et al, 2022):…”

Section: Multi-gnss Rtk Functional and Stochastic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A medium to long baseline DD functional model for pseudo-range and carrier-phase can be expressed as (Shu et al., 2018; Liu et al., 2022): where is the double-differenced operator; and b represent the rover and base station; i and j are the reference satellite and the other satellite; and P are the carrier phase and pseudo-range observations; is the geometric range between the phase centre of satellite and receiver; f , and N are the frequency channel, wavelength and the integer ambiguity on the corresponding frequency channel; is the frequency-depended ionospheric coefficient ; and T are the slant ionospheric and tropospheric delay; and is the DD residuals, including observation noise, orbital error and multipath. The zenith DD hydrostatic delay can be modelled using empirical global tropospheric models.…”

Section: Multi-gnss Rtk Functional and Stochastic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liu et al. (2022) analysed the performance of single-frequency and dual-frequency RTK using GPS-only, BDS-2-only, BDS-3-only and BDS-2 + BDS-3 data for short baselines in China. In addition to the legacy B1I/B3I signals, new B1C/B2a signals were also used for BDS-3.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the results, TTFF obtained from GPS + Galileo RTK using partial ambiguity resolution requires a few minutes compared to 15-25 min in GPS-only RTK using dual-frequency data. Liu et al (2022) analysed the performance of single-frequency and dual-frequency RTK using GPS-only, BDS-2-only, BDS-3-only and BDS-2 + BDS-3 data for short baselines in China. In addition to the legacy B1I/B3I signals, new B1C/B2a signals were also used for BDS-3.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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GPS + Galileo + BDS-3 medium to long-range single-baseline RTK: an alternative for network-based RTK?

Ogutcu,

Alcay,

Ozdemir

et al. 2023

J. Navigation

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Thanks to the development of the real-time kinematic (RTK) algorithm and the emerging Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), especially for Galileo and BeiDou-3, reliable positioning accuracy for medium and long-baseline RTK became possible globally. Moreover, with the development of the GNSS receiver hardware, baseline length limitations due to radio-based communications are removed thanks to internet-based communication. In this work, single-baseline RTK, incorporated partial ambiguity resolution with troposphere and ionosphere weighting, using GPS (G), Galileo (E), BeiDou-3 (C3) and multi-GNSS (GE and GEC3), is conducted with real GNSS data of EUREF Permanent GNSS network under three different cutoff angles (10°, 20°, and 30°) for six different lengths of baselines (~50, ~150, ~250, ~350, ~450, and ~550 km). The results show that the multi-GNSS RTK solution significantly contributed to the positioning accuracy and convergence time of the single-system RTK solutions. Based on the results, non-available epoch-wise solutions for the high-degree cutoff angles are more obvious for the single-system RTK, whereas multi-GNSS solutions provide 100% solutions for each cutoff angle and baseline. The results indicate that instantaneous and a few epochs single-epoch ambiguity resolution is feasible for 50, 150, 250 and 350 km baseline lengths for multi-GNSS RTK. Based on the positioning results, horizontal–vertical positioning improvements of multi-GNSS RTK (GEC3) compared with the single-system GPS RTK are found as 50%–37%, 40%–35%, 55%–47%, 53%–54%, 57%–49% and 57%–49% for 50, 150, 250, 350, 450 and 550 km, respectively, under a 10° cutoff angle. For 20° and 30° cutoff angles, the accuracy improvements are much higher. The convergence time improvements (n/e/u) of multi-GNSS RTK (GEC3) compared with the single-system GPS RTK are found as 86/92/75%, 77/67/72%, 75/77/83%, 53/56/52%, 69/49/62%, and 52/45/39% for 50, 150, 250, 350, 450 and 550 km, respectively, under a 10° cutoff angle.

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“…A medium to long baseline DD functional model for pseudo-range and carrier-phase can be expressed as (Shu et al, 2018;Liu et al, 2022):…”

Section: Multi-gnss Rtk Functional and Stochastic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multi-gnss Rtk Functional and Stochastic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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GPS + Galileo + BDS-3 medium to long-range single-baseline RTK: an alternative for network-based RTK?

Ogutcu,

Alcay,

Ozdemir

et al. 2023

J. Navigation

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“…The extended Kalman filter model for additional parameters of RTK localization in smartphone BDS/GPS network is described as follows [13], [14] /…”

Section: Positioning Filter Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of smartphone BDS/GPS network RTK positioning results

Feng

Zhang²,

Chen³

et al. 2023

International Conference on Geographic Information and Remote Sensing Technology (GIRST 2022)

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The application of consumer grade hardware and complexity scenes are the key limits for high accuracy of GNSS positioning and navigation service in smartphones. In the study, the comparisons for the quality analysis of GNSS observations among Huawei Mate 20, Xiaomi MI 8 and Huawei P 20 smartphones was firstly carried out. Secondly, we developed the receiving software on the Android platform for connecting the network RTK service. The high quality GNSS observations can be achieved after removing the atmosphere errors with network RTK service. Then, the high accuracy positioning results can be carried out in smartphones. The study shows that the static positioning accuracy of Mate 20, MI 8 and P 20 can converge to the centimeter-accurate within 20 minutes and the ambiguity-fixed solution accuracy can reach the centimeter by using network RTK positioning method. The kinematic positioning accuracy was greatly affected by the observation environment. The horizontal positioning accuracy of the three smartphones is 0.31 m, 0.021 m and 1.80 m, respectively.

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