Assessing Pesticide Contamination to Ground Water: A Rapid Approach

Ehteshami, Majid; Peralta, Richard C.; Eisele, Hubert; Deer, Howard M.; Tindall, T. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.1991.tb00573.x

Cited by 32 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The linear additive combination of the above parameters with the ratings and weights was used to calculate the DRASTIC Vulnerability Index (DVI) as given below (Aller et al, 1987): DVI = D r D w + R r R w + A r A w + S r S w + T r T w + I r I w + C r C w …………. (11 (Ehteshami et al, 1991). This rating range may change from one study area to another.…”

Section: Potential Evapotranspiration and Moisture Index Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Climate Change Impact And Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment In Rangpur District, Bangladesh

Haque¹,

Tasnuva²

2016

IOSR

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Section: Potential Evapotranspiration and Moisture Index Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Climate Change Impact And Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment In Rangpur District, Bangladesh

Haque¹,

Tasnuva²

2016

IOSR

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“…After mixing with a site specific depth of groundwater, the resulting concentration is FfPb in parts per billion (equation (17)). Ehteshami et al [1991], Hoag and Hornsby [1992], and Rao et al [1985] illustrate the use of an assumed mixing depth to yield relative concentration and toxicities. (17) for variant 2 only.…”

Section: D'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing pesticide contamination of groundwater while maximizing irrigated crop yield

Peralta¹,

Hegazy²,

Musharrafieh³

1994

Water Resources Research

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Abstract.A simulation/optimization model is developed for maximizing irrigated crop yield while avoiding unacceptable pesticide leaching. The optimization model is designed to help managers prevent non-point source contamination of shaHow groundwater aquifers. It computes optimal irrigation amounts for given soil, crop, chemical, and weather data and irrigation frequencies. It directly computes the minimurn irrigated crop yield reduction needed to prevent groundwater contamination. Constraint equations used in the model maintain a layered soil moisture volume balance; describe percolation, downward unsaturated zone solute transport and pesticide degradation; and limit the amount of pesticide reaching groundwater. Constraints are linear, piecewise linear, nonlinear, and exponential. The problem is solved using nonlinear programming optimization. The model is tested for different scenarios of irrigating corn. The modeling approach is promising as a tool to aid in the development of environmentally sound agricultural production practices. It allows direct estimation of trade-offs between crop production and groundwater protection for different management approaches. More frequent irrigation tends to give better crop yield and reduce solute movement. Trade-offs decrease with increasing irrigation frequency. More frequent irrigation reduces yield loss due to moisture stress and requires less water to fill the root zone to field capacity. This prevents the solute from moving to deeper soil layers. Yield-environmental quality trade-offs are smaller for deeper groundwater tables because deeper groundwater allows more time for chemical degradation.

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“…In association with the DRASTIC model, the CMLS has been used for identifying which combinations of local settings and pesticides can cause the contamination of groundwater (Ehteshami et al, 1991). The CMLS model can also be used as a tool in a system for managing and evaluating the behavior of pesticides in agriculture termed AGCHEMS (Agricultural Chemical Evaluation and Management System).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geostatistics as a basis to the CMLS pesticide simulation model with validation in soil columns

Nicolella

Filho

Souza

et al. 2005

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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The use of simulation models is probably the most efficient means for predicting the behavior of pesticides in the soil-plant-water system. The CMLS (Chemical Movement in Layered Soils) simulation model for predicting the fate of pesticides was used for studying the behavior of tebuthiuron, a herbicide used in sugar cane crops, from a sampling grid with 111 sampling points 200 m apart from one another and encompassing three types of soil: Ustic Quartzipsamment, Rhodic Hapludox and Typic Hapludox, all with medium and clay textures. The 373 points assessed by the simulator, generated from samples coming from the original grid and through the geostatistical methods of variography and ordinary kriging, returned the depth values reached by the herbicide after six years of simulation (1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995). For the Ustic Quartzipsamment, tebuthiuron, in four simulated points, returned depth values above 43 m and a maximum 50 m, with a certain amount of the product still remaining in the soil that was close to 10% of the original 1.1 kg ha -1 applied. Results from the column assay used for validating the model showed that the model overestimated the depth reached by the herbicide in 6.6% as compared to the column value for the Ustic Quartzipsamment. The depth was underestimated in 4.5% and 20% for the Typic Hapludox and the Rhodic Hapludox, respectively. These data support the adequacy of the model for assessing the fate of tebuthiuron in both Ustic Quartzipsamment and Typic Hapludox. Key words: microbasin, sugar cane, tebuthiuron, variography, kriging GEOESTATÍSTICA COMO SUPORTE AO MODELO DE SIMULAÇÃO DE AGROTÓXICO CMLS COM VALIDAÇÃO EM COLUNAS DE SOLOSRESUMO: O uso de modelos de simulação é provavelmente a maneira mais eficiente para predizer o comportamento de agrotóxicos no sistema solo/água/planta. O modelo de simulação de destino de agrotóxicos CMLS (Chemical Movement in Layered Soils), foi usado para estudar o comportamento do herbicida tebuthiuron, utilizado na cultura de cana-de-açúcar, a partir de uma grade de amostragem composta de 111 pontos amostrais, equi-espaçados de 200 m e englobando três tipos de solo: Neossolo Quartzarênico (RQ), Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico (LVdf) e Latossolo Vermelho distrófico (LVd), texturas média e argilosa. Os 373 pontos avaliados pelo simulador, gerados das amostras da grade original e através dos métodos geoestatísticos da variografia e krigagem, produziram valores de profundidade atingida pelo herbicida, após seis anos de simulação (1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995). Para Neossolo Quartzarênico (RQ), o tebuthiuron, em quatro pontos simulados, apresentou valores de profundidade acima de 43 m e com máximo de 50 m, com uma quantidade de produto permanecendo ainda no solo, próximo a 10% do valor aplicado de 1,1 kg ha -1. Resultados provenientes do ensaio em coluna, usados para a validação do modelo, mostraram que o mesmo superestimou em 6,66% a profundidade atingida pelo herbicida quando comparado ao valor produzido pela coluna, para o N...

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Assessing Pesticide Contamination to Ground Water: A Rapid Approach

Cited by 32 publications

References 9 publications

Evaluation of Climate Change Impact And Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment In Rangpur District, Bangladesh

Evaluation of Climate Change Impact And Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment In Rangpur District, Bangladesh

Preventing pesticide contamination of groundwater while maximizing irrigated crop yield

Geostatistics as a basis to the CMLS pesticide simulation model with validation in soil columns

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