Assessing the effect of freezing-thawing cycles on the results of the triaxial compressive strength test for calc-schist rock

Mousavi, Seyed Zanyar Seyed; Tavakoli, Hossein; Moarefvand, Parviz; Rezaei, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.ijrmms.2019.104090

Cited by 69 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Moreover, many research investigations generally indicate that increasing the number of freeze–thaw cycles decreases the uniaxial compressive strength, tensile strength, dry density and P-wave velocity of rocks, while the water absorption and porosity of rocks increase 9 – 11 . Seyed et al and Yu et al conducted triaxial compression tests on frozen-thawed rocks and found that the cohesion and internal friction angle of rocks decreased exponentially with the increase of the number of freeze–thaw cycles 4 , 12 . They found that the correlation between rock compressive strength, confining pressure and cycles can be described by the Mohr–Coulomb strength criterion 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the pore structure of rock under freeze–thaw can be observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The existing research generally indicates that the pores of the rock expand and the particles fall off with the increase of freeze–thaw number 2 , 12 , 24 – 26 . However, due to the extremely complex pore structure characteristics of rock, there is little research on quantitative analysis of microstructure changes after rock freeze–thaw damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone

Chen

Song

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Rock deterioration under freeze–thaw cycles is a concern for in-service tunnel in cold regions. Previous studies focused on the change of rock mechanical properties under unidirectional stress, but the natural rock mass is under three dimensional stresses. This paper investigates influences of the number of freeze–thaw cycle on sandstone under low confining pressure. Twelve sandstone samples were tested subjected to triaxial compression. Additionally, the damage characteristics of sandstone internal microstructure were obtained by using acoustic emission (AE) and mercury intrusion porosimetry. Results indicated that the mechanical properties of sandstone were significantly reduced by freeze–thaw effect. Sandstone’ peak strength and elastic modulus were 7.28–37.96% and 6.38–40.87% less than for the control, respectively. The proportion of super-large pore and large pore in sandstone increased by 19.53–81.19%. We attributed the reduced sandstone’ mechanical properties to the degenerated sandstone microstructure, which, in turn, was associated with increased sandstone macropores. The macroscopic failure pattern of sandstone changed from splitting failure to shear failure with an increasing of freeze–thaw cycles. Moreover, the activity of AE signal increased at each stage, and the cumulative ringing count also showed upward trend with the increase of freeze–thaw number.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone

Chen

Song

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Liu et al [11] improved an empirical equation to determine the uniaxial compressive strength of rocks subjected to freeze-thaw cycles based on a fatigue damage model. Fu et al [12] and Seyed Mousavi et al [13] proposed a TCS prediction model for transversely isotropic rocks subjected to freeze-thaw cycles based on the single discontinuity theory. However, the unknown parameters in those models should be determined by experimental tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intelligent Prediction Model of the Triaxial Compressive Strength of Rock Subjected to Freeze-Thaw Cycles Based on a Genetic Algorithm and Artificial Neural Network

et al. 2021

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Rock compressive strength is an important mechanical parameter for the design, excavation, and stability analysis of rock mass engineering in cold regions. Accurate and rapid prediction of rock compressive strength has great engineering value in guiding the efficient construction of rock mass engineering in a cold regions. In this study, the prediction of triaxial compressive strength (TCS) for sandstone subjected to freeze-thaw cycles was proposed using a genetic algorithm (GA) and an artificial neural network (ANN). For this purpose, a database including four model inputs, namely, the longitudinal wave velocity, porosity, confining pressure, and number of freeze-thaw cycles, and one output, the TCS of the rock, was established. The structure, initial connection weights, and biases of the ANN were optimized progressively based on GA. After obtaining the optimal GA-ANN model, the performance of the GA-ANN model was compared with that of a simple ANN model. The results revealed that the proposed hybrid GA-ANN model had a higher accuracy in predicting the testing datasets than the simple ANN model: the root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and R squared ( R 2 ) were equal to 1.083, 0.893, and 0.993, respectively, for the hybrid GA-ANN model, while the corresponding values were 2.676, 2.153, and 0.952 for the simple ANN model.

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“…China is one of the countries with the largest cold region distribution, accounting for about 75% of the total land area of the country, where an increasing number of rock mass projects have been launched in cold regions driven by national policies in recent years [1][2][3][4]. In cold regions, the macroscopic damage, frost heave failure, and instability caused by the freezing-thawing cycle of fissure water under alternating temperature changes are considered as the main weathering process of rock mass [5][6][7], which has a decisive influence on the stability of rock mass [8][9][10][11]. Therefore, the researches on the mechanism of damage and degradation of rock mass under the freezing-thawing cycle condition are of great significance for engineering construction in cold regions [12][13][14], which have attracted the attention of numerous experts and scholars [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage Statistical Empirical Model for Fractured Rock under Freezing-Thawing Cycle and Loading

et al. 2020

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The natural rock mass prevailingly exists in the form of a fractured rock mass, and freezing-thawing failure of the fractured rock mass is also frequently encountered during geotechnical projects in cold regions. The previous researches and reports in freezing-thawing field principally focused on intact rocks, while rock joints and fractures were rarely considered, which causes great inconvenience to the safety design and stability assessment of engineering. In response to the special climatic conditions of cold regions, the freezing-thawing damage and degradation mechanism of fractured rock were studied in this paper based on existing laboratory experiments and damage mechanics theory. Primarily, a brief review of the progressive damage process of rock in the conventional triaxial compression experiment was given, as well as the determination methods of four characteristic stresses in the prepeak curve. Then, from the microcosmic perspective, the maximum tensile strain yield criterion was used to reflect the microunit strength which was assumed to statistically satisfy the Weibull distribution, deriving the damage evolution equation of fractured rock under the freezing-thawing cycle and load conditions and quantificationally describing the damage evolution law. Consequently, the statistical empirical constitutive relation of fractured rock considering freezing-thawing and loading damages was established. Ultimately, by combining the existing conventional triaxial compression experimental data of freezing-thawing single fractured rocks with the determination methods of characteristic stresses, the relevant constitutive parameters were solved, and the theoretical constitutive relation curves of the fractured rock after freezing-thawing cycles were obtained, which were compared with the experimental results to verify the validity of the established empirical constitutive relation. The study findings can provide a theoretical basis for revealing the freezing-thawing failure mechanism of the fractured rock mass to some extent.

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Assessing the effect of freezing-thawing cycles on the results of the triaxial compressive strength test for calc-schist rock

Cited by 69 publications

References 21 publications

Effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone

Effect of freeze–thaw cycle on physical and mechanical properties and damage characteristics of sandstone

Intelligent Prediction Model of the Triaxial Compressive Strength of Rock Subjected to Freeze-Thaw Cycles Based on a Genetic Algorithm and Artificial Neural Network

Damage Statistical Empirical Model for Fractured Rock under Freezing-Thawing Cycle and Loading

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