Assessing the prevalence of hypertension in populations

Bovet, Pascal; Gervasoni, Jean-Pierre; Ross, Allen G.; Mkamba, Mashombo; Mtasiwa, Deo; Lengeler, Christian; Burnier, Michel; Paccaud, Fred

doi:10.1097/00004872-200303000-00016

Cited by 93 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…11 In two studies that assessed BP on several days in children, measurement of BP on two 14 or three different visits 12 more than halved the prevalence of elevated BP, a phenomenon also well known in adults. 40,41 Most other epidemiological studies of children BP also relied on readings taken on a single occasion. 13,15,33,35 Second, because of the scarcity of data linking BP in children and subsequent disease outcomes, the definition of 'elevated BP' largely relies on arbitrary normative values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of elevated blood pressure and association with overweight in children of a rapidly developing country

et al. 2006

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We assessed the prevalence of elevated blood pressure (BP) and the association with excess body weight among a large sample of children in the Seychelles, a middle-income rapidly developing country in the African region. Weight, height and BP were measured in all children of four school grades in the Seychelles (Indian Ocean). Excess weight categories ('overweight' and 'obesity') were defined according to the criteria of the International Obesity Task Force. Two BP readings were obtained on one occasion. 'Elevated BP' was defined based on US reference tables. Data were available in 15 612 (86%) of 18 119 eligible children aged 5-16 years in [2002][2003][2004]. In all, 13.0% of Boys and 18.8% of girls were overweight or obese. The prevalence of elevated BP was 9.1% in boys and 10.1% in girls. Both systolic and diastolic BP were strongly associated with body mass index (BMI) in boys and in girls. In children with 'normal weight', 'overweight (and not obesity)' and 'obesity', respectively, proportions with elevated BP were 7.5, 16.9 and 25.2% in boys, and 7.5, 16.1 and 33.2% in girls. Overweight (including obesity) could account for 18% of cases of elevated BP in boys and 26% in girls. Further studies should examine the impact of the relationship between BMI and elevated BP on the burden of hypertension in the context of the epidemic of paediatric obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of elevated blood pressure and association with overweight in children of a rapidly developing country

et al. 2006

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“…As shown by studies on hypertension prevalence, the proper assessment of the hypertensive status needs several BP measurements recorded during several visits. [19][20][21] The percentage of subjects remaining hypertensive at the second-year control visit increased with age, suggesting a larger overestimation of hypertension incidence based on one visit in younger subjects. These results are in keeping with our previous report on prevalence estimates.…”

Section: One-year Hypertension Incidence and Predictors S Radi Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

One-year hypertension incidence and its predictors in a working population: the IHPAF study

et al. 2004

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The aims of our study were: (i) to estimate the yearly incidence rates based on one vs two visits in a working population and (ii) to identify incident hypertension modifiable risk factors. A total of 21 566 normotensive subjects were included in a 1-year cohort study. Blood pressure (BP) levels at inclusion and at the second year screening were measured on the basis of two visits, that is, if BP was over 140/90 mmHg in untreated subjects, they were invited to a control visit 1 month later. Height and weight were measured and behavioural risk factors were collected. Among the 17 465 subjects who completed the entire protocol (9691 men and 7774 women), 17 026 remained normotensive at a 1-year interval and 439 (325 men and 114 women) became hypertensive. Crude yearly incidence rates based on one visit were 6.21% in men and 3.06% in women, compared with 3.04% in men and 1.34% in women when incidence rates were based on two visits, a more than twofold difference. Age and body mass index at baseline were the two major independent determinants of incident hypertension in both genders. Smoking and alcohol consumption were significant risk factors in men but not in women, and a low educational level only in women. BP measurement on separate occasions is necessary to avoid overestimation of incidence. Weight in both genders and alcohol consumption in men were the main modifiable predictors of hypertension.

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“…It is well known that blood pressure tends to fall with repeated measurement, recently demonstrated for example in a population-based study in Dar es Salaam. 7 The migrants had blood pressure measured at monthly intervals in contrast to the non-migrants, who had blood pressure measured at baseline and 6 months. In addition, the place of blood pressure measurement differed between the rural and urban area.…”

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confidence: 99%

Changes in blood pressure and lipids associated with rural to urban migration in Tanzania

et al. 2006

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Assessing the prevalence of hypertension in populations

Cited by 93 publications

References 25 publications

Prevalence of elevated blood pressure and association with overweight in children of a rapidly developing country

Prevalence of elevated blood pressure and association with overweight in children of a rapidly developing country

One-year hypertension incidence and its predictors in a working population: the IHPAF study

Changes in blood pressure and lipids associated with rural to urban migration in Tanzania

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