Assessing the Relation Between Bone Marrow Signal Intensity and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in Diffusion-Weighted MRI

Padhani, Anwar R.; Ree, Katherine van; Collins, David J.; D’Sa, Shirley; Makris, Andreas

doi:10.2214/ajr.11.8185

Cited by 137 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This technique was proven useful in the assessment of bone marrow pathologies and metastatic marrow diseases (18,19). Some studies utilized conventional MRI to evaluate signal characteristics of cranial marrow (14,18,(20)(21)(22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of diffusion-weighted imaging for detecting bone marrow infiltration in skull in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Cao

Liang

Gen³

et al. 2016

Diagn Interv Radiol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of diffusion-weighted imaging for detecting bone marrow infiltration in skull in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Cao

Liang

Gen³

et al. 2016

Diagn Interv Radiol

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“…Reduced water content, the hydrophobic nature of fat and poorer perfusion, and larger-sized fat cells, all contribute to lower signal intensities and ADC values of the yellow bone marrow while with increasing cellularity, water content and greater perfusion, mixed yellow-red bone marrow returns higher signal intensities and paradoxically higher ADC values (Hillengass et al 2011a ;Padhani et al 2013 ) (Fig. 3 , see above).…”

Section: Diffusion-weighted Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marrow hypercellularity presents as diffuse increases in signal intensity on high b -values (Padhani et al 2011(Padhani et al , 2013. Changes in background bone marrow cellularity can affect the visibility of bone marrow metastases.…”

Section: Benign Hematopoietic Marrow Hyperplasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Female Pelvis: Genital Organs

Forstner

Cunha²

2015

Imaging of Complications and Toxicity Following Tumor Therapy

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Medical Radiology-Diagnostic Imaging is a unique series that aims to document the most innovative technologies in all fi elds within diagnostic imaging and interventional radiology, thereby informing the physician in practice of the latest advances in diagnostic imaging and percutaneous imageguided minimally invasive procedures. Th e contents are intended to cover all organs, and all modern imaging techniques and image-guided treatment modalities, with special emphasis on applications in clinical practice. Each volume is a comprehensive reference book on a topical theme, and the editors are always experts of high international standing. Contributions are included from both clinicians and researchers, ensuring wide appeal. Medical Radiology -Radiation Oncology is a unique series that aims to document the most innovative technologies in all fi elds within radiology, thereby informing the physician in practice of the latest advances in diagnostic and treatment techniques. Th e contents range from contemporary statements relating to management for various disease sites to explanations of the newest techniques for tumor identifi cation and of mechanisms for the enhancement of radiation eff ects, with the emphasis on maximizing cure and minimizing complications. Each volume is a comprehensive reference book on a topical theme, and the editors are always experts of high international standing. Contributions are included from both clinicians and researchers, ensuring wide appeal. This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. AbstractA precise knowledge of antineoplastic drugs is an indispensable basis for the care of patients with cancer. The mechanisms of action and resistance, cross-resistance patterns, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, pharmacological interaction, and last but not least potential adverse effects should be part of this knowledge. As contemporary cancer care requires interdisciplinary and multiprofessional structures, the radiologist is an important a...

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“…51,57 The bone marrow fat (yellow bone marrow) causes signal void on DWI because DWI typically uses chemical fat saturation techniques. Moreover, bony trabeculae cause signal loss related to diamagnetic susceptibility artefacts.…”

Section: Limitation and Pitfalls On Diffusion-weighted Imaging And Apmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyogenic and non-pyogenic spinal infections: emphasis on diffusion-weighted imaging for the detection of abscesses and pus collections

Moritani

Kim²,

Capizzano³

et al. 2014

BJR

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The incidence of spinal infections has increased in the past two decades, owing to the increasing number of elderly patients, immunocompromised conditions, spinal surgery and instrumentation, vascular access and intravenous drug use. Conventional MRI is the gold standard for diagnostic imaging; however, there are still a significant number of misdiagnosed cases. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with a b-value of 1000 and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps provide early and accurate detection of abscess and pus collection. Pyogenic infections are classified into four types of extension based on MRI and DWI findings: (1) epidural/paraspinal abscess with spondylodiscitis, (2) epidural/ paraspinal abscess with facet joint infection, (3) epidural/paraspinal abscess without concomitant spondylodiscitis or facet joint infection and (4) intradural abscess (subdural abscess, purulent meningitis and spinal cord abscess). DWI easily detects abscesses and demonstrates the extension, multiplicity and remote disseminated infection. DWI is often a key image in the differential diagnosis. Important differential diagnoses include epidural, subdural or subarachnoid haemorrhage, cerebrospinal fluid leak, disc herniation, synovial cyst, granulation tissue, intra-or extradural tumour and post-surgical fluid collections. DWI and the ADC values are affected by susceptibility artefacts, incomplete fat suppression and volume-averaging artefacts. Recognition of artefacts is essential when interpreting DWI of spinal and paraspinal infections. DWI is not only useful for the diagnosis but also for the treatment planning of pyogenic and nonpyogenic spinal infections.Spinal and paraspinal infections include vertebral osteomyelitis, spondylodiscitis, infectious facet arthropathy, epidural infections, meningitis, myelitis and infections of paraspinal soft tissue and musculature. Evidence of spinal infections has been discovered in the remains of prehistoric humans from 7000 BC. 1 The incidence has increased in the past two decades, owing to the rising number of elderly patients, immunocompromised conditions, spinal surgery and instrumentation, vascular access and intravenous drug use.1-4 Despite advances in medical knowledge, imaging modalities and surgical interventions, the diagnosis of this entity is still challenging since the clinical features can be subtle and misleading. MRI including post-contrast studies is the gold standard for diagnostic imaging. However, although MRI has relatively high diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, there are still a significant number of challenging cases. In such cases, diagnostic delays and suboptimal management can result in irreversible paralysis, critical sepsis and even death.Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has proven to be a useful tool for the diagnosis of a variety of intracranial infections especially in the detection of brain abscesses and pus collections, which encompass subdural and epidural empyema, purulent meningitis and ventriculitis. [5][6][7][8] Therefore, DWI ...

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Assessing the Relation Between Bone Marrow Signal Intensity and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in Diffusion-Weighted MRI

Cited by 137 publications

References 34 publications

Role of diffusion-weighted imaging for detecting bone marrow infiltration in skull in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Role of diffusion-weighted imaging for detecting bone marrow infiltration in skull in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Female Pelvis: Genital Organs

Pyogenic and non-pyogenic spinal infections: emphasis on diffusion-weighted imaging for the detection of abscesses and pus collections

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