“…However, the Internet is a packet-switched, best-effort service based network. Unlike circuit-switched networks where on each path, dedicated resources are reserved end-to-end to guarantee service quality, there is no dedicated (virtual) circuit in the Internet for network level ""direct link"" between two end systems, which is called a virtual path or simply path [4]. Because of this, the service quality of an Internet path highly depends on the underlying networking mechanisms, such as routing, buffer management and scheduling, plus the traffic condition on each hop along the path.…”