Assessing the up-peak performance of destination elevator group control systems using real time allocation of landing calls

Sharif, Lutfi Al; Riyal, Anas; Jaber, Zaid; Hamdan, Jamal

doi:10.1504/ijise.2017.083040

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…In other words, they are based on offline allocation of landing calls. Al-Sharif et al [20] suggested the procedures for real time allocation of landing calls and gave a numerical example by computer simulation to demonstrate that but they did not derive equations for S and H to describe such real time allocation for the convenient application by designers. The work mentioned in this article is a follow-up of such consideration.…”

Section: Classical Estimation Of H and S As Idealized Optimal Benchmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DGC system must give an immediate response to a passenger who just keyed in his/her destination floor by allocating him/her the chosen car. A number of rules have to be respected in this algorithm [20]:…”

Section: Why Do the Actual H And S Differ In Practice From The Iob?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Type 1 sectoring is called "Contiguous sectoring" which was described in [20]. The first sector consists of 2/F, 3/F, …, (N/L) /F; the second sector consists of (N/L+1)/F, (N/L+2)/F … (2N/L) /F and so on.…”

Section: H and S Of Three Different Types Of Sectoring: Contiguous Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Up-peak group control algorithms: These group control algorithms are used in cases where most of the passengers are entering the building from the main entrance and heading to the occupant floors above ( [2], [3], [16][17][18][19][20][21]).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Calculation of the elevator round-trip time under destination group control using offline batch allocations and real-time allocations

Al-Sharif

2019

Journal of Building Engineering

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The use of Destination Group Control (DGC), or Hall Call Allocation (HCA), in elevator traffic system group control is the current trend in intelligent and advanced supervisory control and is expected to dominate the market in the future. In the conventional elevator traffic design process, designers usually start with a simple calculation in order to obtain a conceptual estimate of the suggested design prior to moving onto simulation. But due to the lack of a suitable set of equations for elevator traffic calculation for DGC systems, designers are forced to carry out the elevator traffic design process for a system controlled by DGC solely by using simulation. Due to the dependence on the simulator and the algorithms it uses, different simulation packages will produce different resultant designs. Thus, the motivation for this paper is to use calculation in order to achieve more transparency and repeatability in the design of DGC systems.In order to enable the designer to carry out a calculation for the DGC system, equations are needed to evaluate the values of H (the highest reversal floor) and S (the expected number of stops in a round trip) in order to evaluate the value of the round-trip time under destination group control. Although equations are available to compute the highest reversal floor, H, and expected number of stops, S, of a DGC system, these equations assume idealized conditions. If designers use them to design the elevator traffic system, the design will be under-sized and inadequate. They do not take into consideration many of the practical implementation issues and non-ideal conditions such as: unequal floor population, real time call allocation of calls to elevator cars, and the different floor to sector arrangements, as well as the practicalities of allocating elevator cars to sectors.In this paper, more detailed consideration is given to the estimation of H and S under both offline and real-time call allocations. Three methods of sectoring are suggested to take care of different combinations of the number of floors, the number of elevators, the car capacity and the floor population distribution. The results of this research would help the designer carry out a more reasonable and practical calculation of the round-trip time under DGC and thus arrive at a transparent and repeatable elevator traffic design.The designer is still expected to move onto a simulation phase in order to understand the effect of the group controller on the system performance.

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Section: Classical Estimation Of H and S As Idealized Optimal Benchmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Why Do the Actual H And S Differ In Practice From The Iob?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: H and S Of Three Different Types Of Sectoring: Contiguous Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Calculation of the elevator round-trip time under destination group control using offline batch allocations and real-time allocations

Al-Sharif

2019

Journal of Building Engineering

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“…Due to the reduction in the round trip time caused by the effects in 2 and 3 above, a reduction in the number of passengers boarding the car results (leading to smaller car loading); or more passengers can be taken into the elevator car (leading to an increase in the handling capacity). Algorithms that attempt to minimize the number of stops and the highest reversal floor are described in Al-Sharif et al, 24,25 and Al-Shrarif. 26…”

Section: The Effects Of Sectoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis of elevator static sectoring control systems using Monte Carlo simulation

Al-Sharif

Yang

Hakam

et al. 2018

Building Services Engineering Research and Technology

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For a long time, there was no action that a group controller could take during incoming traffic conditions other than returning the elevators back to the main entrance and opening their doors. Passengers would arrive in the main entrance and board the first available elevator car. However, in the early 1990s, sectoring was introduced during incoming traffic conditions. Sectoring is the soft division of the building into groups of (usually but not necessarily contiguous) floors, usually of equal populations. One or more elevators are assigned to a sector. The allocation of the elevator(s) to a sector can either be fixed (static sectoring) or variable (dynamic sectoring) within consecutive round trips. In addition, the size and composition of the different sectors can be static or dynamic. Sectoring is thus a powerful tool in dealing with peaks of incoming traffic demand. However, most of the analysis carried out to understand the effects of sectoring on the performance of the elevator traffic system has been based on simulation only. This paper presents a comprehensive calculation-based analysis of static sectoring control for incoming traffic as a control tool. The analysis is based on the approach of progressively increasing the number of sectors in a building, starting from a single sector (i.e., no sectoring) and proceeding to full sectoring (where the number of sectors equals the number of elevators in the group) and even increasing the number of sectors up to the total number of floors above the main entrance (which has been given the new term: super-sectoring). An analysis is carried out in each case showing the handling capacity, car loading, average waiting time, and average traveling time. Practical application: This paper allows a control system designer to adapt the actions of the controller to the change in passenger arrivals. The control can detect the intensity of passenger arrivals and adjust the number of sectors to suit such an arrival intensity. The aim would be to maximize the handling capacity of the system or minimize the car loading.

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Optimization of energy consumption in vertical mobility systems of high-rise office buildings: A case study from a developing economy

Thebuwena,

Samarakoon,

Ratnayake

2024

Energy Efficiency

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Elevator systems serve as the primary mode of transportation in tall buildings which consumes approximately 5–15% of a building's total energy demand. This research explores the potential for energy savings in elevator systems while maintaining passenger comfort through the implementation of green approaches. The research concentrates on a contemporary high-rise office building situated in the central business district of a developing economy. It employs a case study methodology involving traffic simulation to determine optimal elevator specifications for industry-standard service levels. By conducting the simulation, the researchers identified the optimal number of elevators, elevator capacity, speed, and the most suitable elevator management system. Following that, a range of green measures were implemented, including the incorporation of a regenerative system, to effectively reduce the electrical energy consumption of the elevator system. Subsequently, a passenger traffic simulation model was integrated with an energy calculation model to jointly simulate and calculate the elevator system's overall energy consumption and regeneration. The elevator energy requirements were optimized, while maintaining user-friendliness and requirements related to guidelines given in the standards. The results showed that 36% of the energy consumption was reduced by incorporating an energy regenerative option into the elevator system in addition to selecting efficient mechanical components and implementing an efficient elevator traffic management system. This research contributes to the limited body of literature on energy optimization in elevators and emphasizes the importance of balancing energy efficiency with service quality. These findings provide guidance for establishing benchmarks in reducing energy consumption, in relation to elevator systems.

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Assessing the up-peak performance of destination elevator group control systems using real time allocation of landing calls

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Calculation of the elevator round-trip time under destination group control using offline batch allocations and real-time allocations

Calculation of the elevator round-trip time under destination group control using offline batch allocations and real-time allocations

Comprehensive analysis of elevator static sectoring control systems using Monte Carlo simulation

Optimization of energy consumption in vertical mobility systems of high-rise office buildings: A case study from a developing economy

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