Assessment and Monitoring of Fish Quality from a Coastal Ecosystem under High Anthropic Pressure: A Case Study in Southern Italy

Torre, Giovanna Loredana La; Cicero, Nicola; Bartolomeo, Giovanni; Rando, Rossana; Vadalà, Rossella; Santini, Antonello; Durazzo, Alessandra; Lucarini, Massimo; Dugo, Giacomo; Salvo, Andrea

doi:10.3390/ijerph17093285

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Fish is softer and flakier than either mammals or poultry and the meat is inherently tender, because fish contains less connective tissue than beef [ 3 ]. At the same time, eating fish is a possible source of heavy metal exposure [ 4 , 5 ]. As the density is greater than 5 g/cm 3 , mercury is classified as a heavy metal [ 6 ] and is one of the rarest elements on Earth, ranking 74th on the list of 90 [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Mercury and Fatty Acids in Selected Fish Species on the Polish Market: A Risk to Human Health

Łuczyńska

Luczynski

Nowosad

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The muscles of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush Walbaum, 1792), crucian carp (Carassius carassius Linnaeus, 1758), flounder (Platichthys flesus Linnaeus, 1758), gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758), mackerel (Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758) and tench (Tinca tinca Linnaeus, 1758) were examined. The total mercury (THg) was processed using the Milestone DMA-80 and the fatty acids were analyzed using the 7890A Agilent Technologies chromatograph. The THg content in analyzed fish ranged from 0.024 (lake trout) to 0.092 mg/kg wet weight (gilthead seabream). The muscles of fish examined had lower amounts of SFAs, and n-3 and n-6 PUFAs than MUFAs. The ratio of n-3/n-6 was higher in muscles of mackerel than other fish (p < 0.05). Due to the fact that both the THQ and HI are below 1, the tested fish are safe for the consumer from a nutritional point of view. Similarly, fatty acid indices indicate the safe consumption of selected fish species, and the daily consumption of the recommended dose of EPA + DHA (250 mg/day) and the concentration of mercury in fish calculations showed a hazard quotient for the benefit–risk ratio HQEFA below 1, suggesting that the intake of EPA + DHA poses no evident risk to human health. The ratio was calculated for a person weighing 60 kg. Therefore, it is important to monitor the fish, not only bought in the store, but also caught in various aquatic environments.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Mercury and Fatty Acids in Selected Fish Species on the Polish Market: A Risk to Human Health

Łuczyńska

Luczynski

Nowosad

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…However, data reporting correlation between the environmental level of toxicants and accumulated metals do not comply with this intent. In particular, Cd and/or Zn content in P. lividus gonadal tissue from contaminated areas often does not reflect the environmental levels, as it does not result higher than that found in animals from low anthropic impact areas [ 54 , 55 , 56 ]. However, the possibility of effects on the offspring has been observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Changes after Parental Exposure to Metals in the Sea Urchin Affect Timing of Genetic Programme of Embryo Development

Masullo

Biondo

Natale

et al. 2021

Biology

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It is widely accepted that phenotypic traits can be modulated at the epigenetic level so that some conditions can affect the progeny of exposed individuals. To assess if the exposure of adult animals could result in effects on the offspring, the Mediterranean sea urchin and its well-characterized gene regulatory networks (GRNs) was chosen as a model. Adult animals were exposed to known concentrations of zinc and cadmium (both individually and in combination) for 10 days, and the resulting embryos were followed during the development. The oxidative stress occurring in parental gonads, embryo phenotypes and mortality, and the expression level of a set of selected genes, including members of the skeletogenic and endodermal GRNs, were evaluated. Increased oxidative stress at F0, high rates of developmental aberration with impaired gastrulation, in association to deregulation of genes involved in skeletogenesis (dri, hex, sm50, p16, p19, msp130), endodermal specification (foxa, hox11/13b, wnt8) and epigenetic regulation (kat2A, hdac1, ehmt2, phf8 and UBE2a) occurred either at 24 or 48 hpf. Results strongly indicate that exposure to environmental pollutants can affect not only directly challenged animals but also their progeny (at least F1), influencing optimal timing of genetic programme of embryo development, resulting in an overall impairment of developmental success.

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“…Heavy metals toxicity is linked to the cytotoxic production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce oxidative stress, altering normal cellular physiology [ 17 ]. The evaluation of the health status of marine fish species is a crucial step in determining an environmental assessment [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Teleosts’ histopathology provides a sensitive indicator of pollutant-induced stress due to the central role that the organs play in the transformation of different active chemical compounds in the aquatic environment; particularly the gills, kidneys, and liver are considered key organs for toxicological studies [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and Chemical Analysis of Heavy Metals in Kidney and Gills of Boops boops: Melanomacrophages Centers and Rodlet Cells as Environmental Biomarkers

Alesci

Cicero

Fumia

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Industrialization has resulted in a massive increase in garbage output, which is frequently discharged or stored in waterways like rivers and seas. Due to their toxicity, durability, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification, heavy metals (such as mercury, cadmium, and lead) have been identified as strong biological poisons. Their presence in the aquatic environment has the potential to affect water quality parameters and aquatic life in general. Teleosts’ histopathology provides a sensitive indicator of pollutant-induced stress, because their organs have a central role in the transformation of different active chemical compounds in the aquatic environment. In particular, the gills, kidneys, and liver are placed at the center of toxicological studies. The purpose of this study is to examine the morphological changes caused by heavy metals in the kidney and gills of Boops boops, with a focus on melanomacrophages centers (MMCs) and rodlet cells (RCs) as environmental biomarkers, using histological and histochemical stainings (hematoxylin/eosin, Van Gieson trichrome, Periodic Acid Schiff reaction, and Alcian Blue/PAS 2.5), and immunoperoxidase methods. Our findings show an increase of MMCs and RCs linked to higher exposure to heavy metals, confirming the role of these aggregates and cells as reliable biomarkers of potential aquatic environmental changes reflected in fish fauna. The cytological study of RCs and MMCs could be important in gaining a better understanding of the complicated immune systems of teleosts.

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Assessment and Monitoring of Fish Quality from a Coastal Ecosystem under High Anthropic Pressure: A Case Study in Southern Italy

Cited by 24 publications

References 46 publications

Total Mercury and Fatty Acids in Selected Fish Species on the Polish Market: A Risk to Human Health

Total Mercury and Fatty Acids in Selected Fish Species on the Polish Market: A Risk to Human Health

Gene Expression Changes after Parental Exposure to Metals in the Sea Urchin Affect Timing of Genetic Programme of Embryo Development

Histological and Chemical Analysis of Heavy Metals in Kidney and Gills of Boops boops: Melanomacrophages Centers and Rodlet Cells as Environmental Biomarkers

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