“…Other alternatives are a syringe with a mini-needle 1.5 mm in length which enables perpendicular injections (Star Syringe) [39], and also devices consisting of single or multiple hollow microneedles (less than 1 mm in length) affixed to a luer-slip hub for mounting on the syringe, such as the NanoPass MicronJet600 (MJ600) [40] and the DebioJect microneedle device [41]. In addition, prefilled ID devices with mini-needles have been developed, such as the BD Soluvia® injection system (approved for delivery of inactivated influenza vaccine [42]) and the Novosanis VAX-ID [43], although due to increased costs and cold chain volume of prefilled technologies, they are likely to be less appropriate for IPV delivery in low- and middle-income countries [29].Fig. 1ID delivery devices that can be filled on site and used to deliver liquid IPV.…”
If intradermal delivery of IPV is introduced, selection of an intradermal delivery device can have a substantial impact on vaccine wasted during administration, and thus on the required quantity of vaccine that needs to be purchased. An ideal intradermal delivery device should be not only safe, reliable, accurate, and acceptable to users and vaccine recipients, but should also have low dead space, high dose accuracy, and low overall wastage to maximize the potential number of doses that can be withdrawn and delivered.
“…Other alternatives are a syringe with a mini-needle 1.5 mm in length which enables perpendicular injections (Star Syringe) [39], and also devices consisting of single or multiple hollow microneedles (less than 1 mm in length) affixed to a luer-slip hub for mounting on the syringe, such as the NanoPass MicronJet600 (MJ600) [40] and the DebioJect microneedle device [41]. In addition, prefilled ID devices with mini-needles have been developed, such as the BD Soluvia® injection system (approved for delivery of inactivated influenza vaccine [42]) and the Novosanis VAX-ID [43], although due to increased costs and cold chain volume of prefilled technologies, they are likely to be less appropriate for IPV delivery in low- and middle-income countries [29].Fig. 1ID delivery devices that can be filled on site and used to deliver liquid IPV.…”
If intradermal delivery of IPV is introduced, selection of an intradermal delivery device can have a substantial impact on vaccine wasted during administration, and thus on the required quantity of vaccine that needs to be purchased. An ideal intradermal delivery device should be not only safe, reliable, accurate, and acceptable to users and vaccine recipients, but should also have low dead space, high dose accuracy, and low overall wastage to maximize the potential number of doses that can be withdrawn and delivered.
“… 8 Hence, implementation of rabies PrEP would become cheaper if vials and needles were manufactured for administration with intradermal devices, allowing to reduce the volume. 11 Existing needle-free injection devices could be trialled for rabies vaccination; the results of a study that assessed such a device in 268 subjects are pending. Further data will be needed to validate these tools in rabies PrEP and PEP.…”
“…Other vaccines that are applied intradermally are the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine [17], as well as hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine that uses half dose compared to the IM administration in children aged 3 -12 years old [14,18].…”
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