Assessment of advanced glycated end product accumulation in skin using auto fluorescence multispectral imaging

Abstract

We proposed a non-invasive, contact-less novel technique for quantifying fluorescent AGE deposits in skin tissue using a multi-spectral imaging camera setup (MSI) during ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Imaging involved applying a region-of-interest mask, avoiding specular reflections and a simple calibration. Results of a study conducted on 16 subjects with skin types ranging from fair to deeply pigmented skin, showed that AGE measured with MSI in forearm skin was significantly correlated with the AGE reference method (AGE Reader on forearm skin, R = 0.68, p = 0.005). AGE measured in facial skin was borderline significantly related to AGE Reader on forearm skin (R = 0.47, p = 0.078). These results support the use of the technique in devices for non-touch measurement of AGE content in either facial or forearm skin tissue over time.

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“…The method was evaluated on data from SRD'15. The results from 16 subjects with skin types ranging from fair to deeply pigmented showed that AGE measured using MSI in forearm skin was significantly correlated with the AGE reference method on forearm skin [39] [38]. These results support the use of the technique for contactless measurement of the AGE content in either facial or forearm skin tissue over time.…”

“…The technique collects MSI images during UV exposure from a 365 nm LED (Smart Vision Lights). The method is presented in detail elsewhere [38]. In summary, the AGE level was assessed as the ratio of the fluorescence intensity (475 nm camera) to the illumination intensity (360 nm camera).…”

Gold Nanoparticle-Based Detection of Low Molecular Weight AGEs from In Vitro Glycated Haemoglobin A0 Samples

“…Till date, the LC-MS/MS offers the highest selectivity and sensitivity in AGE detection [70]. But when it comes to simple, cost-effective, point-of-care diagnostics, our method can detect few nanograms of the sample compared to other fluorescence emission-based techniques [71, 72]. The method is highly specific for the AGEs, such that sugars and proteins do not develop any colour as such which are the expected interferences in the clinical samples such as blood or serum for the proposed study (Additional file 1 section 7).…”

Biophotonics methods for functional monitoring of complications of diabetes mellitus

“…Example of a grayscale AGE‐index image of the volar side of the arm detected by a multiphoton fluorescence imager [148]. The colored region indicate the region of interest selected for the AGE‐index calculation.…”