Assessment of antimicrobial and wound healing effects of Brevinin-2Ta against the bacteriumKlebsiella pneumoniaein dermally-wounded rats

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are regarded as promising alternatives for antibiotics due to their inherent capacity to prevent microbial drug resistance. Amphibians are rich source of bioactive molecules, which provide numerous AMPs with various structures as drug candidates. Here, we isolated and identified a novel AMP Brevinin-2Ta (B-2Ta) from the skin secretion of the European frog, Pelophylax kl. esculentus. In vitro studies revealed that it showed broad antimicrobial activities against S. aureus, E. coli and C. albicans with low cytotoxicity to erythrocytes. Furthermore, we examined the anti-inflammation effect in vivo by using Klebsiella pneumoniae-infected Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The wound closure outcomes revealed that B-2Ta effectively restrained the bacterial infection at a dose of 10 times minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) during the 14 days of the wound healing process. Ultra-structure analyses showed that B-2Ta caused structural damage to the microorganism, and bacterial culture found that the number of microbes was significantly reduced by the end of treatment. Immunohistochemistry for the inflammatory marker IL-10 and the endothelial cell marker CD31 suggested positive effects on inflammatory status and epithelial migration and angiogenesis following treatment of the infected granulation tissues with B-2Ta. These results exhibited the continuous phase of inflammation reduction and wound healing acceleration in the B-2Ta-modulated re-epithelialisation of K. pneumoniae infected rats. Taken together, these data demonstrated that B-2Ta has great potential to be developed as antibacterial agents in clinic.

Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from Acacia nilotica (L.) Extract to Overcome Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella Pneumoniae

“…Other similar results were reported by Padalia et al and Safawo et al, who found that ZnO-NPs synthesized using A. hydrophila and O. europea extract showed an absorption peak 374 nm. The absorption maximum of ZnO-NPs synthesized using C. abyssinica occurred around 365 nm [ 6 , 20 ]. For zeta sizer and zeta potential, our findings appear to be consistent with those of Okpara et al regarding the zeta potential (−38 mV) result, which was high.…”

Emerging Strategies to Combat ESKAPE Pathogens in the Era of Antimicrobial Resistance: A Review

“…Considering the critical status of ESKAPE pathogens, several attempts have been made to find out AMP based effective therapeutics. To date, there are numerous natural as well as bioengineered AMPs reported to show in vitro (Björn et al, 2016; Cappiello et al, 2016; Liu et al, 2017; Gandt et al, 2018; Irani et al, 2018; Téllez et al, 2018) as well as in vivo (Björn et al, 2016; Liu et al, 2017) antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing abilities with minimum cytotoxicity. Histatin 5, a natural histidine rich cationic human salivary peptide, is an example.…”

Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Therapeutic Potential for Bacterial Skin Infections and Wounds

“…Defensins are an important part of the innate immunity in plants and show strong antifungal activity (Parisi et al, 2018 ). Additionally, several AMPs have been isolated from frog skin and show potential activity against skin infections (Ladram and Nicolas, 2016 ; Liu et al, 2017 ). More than 2,800 natural peptides 2 are currently known that, despite being of variable length, sequence, and structure, share pivotal characteristics that are decisive for their mode of action.…”