Assessment of Atmospheric PM2.5 and PCDD/Fs Collected by Different High-volume Ambient Air Sampling Systems

Pan, Shih Yu; Chen, Hung Wei; Hsu, Shih Chieh; Chou, Charles C.-K.; Lin, Yu Chi; Chen, Yuan Wu; Hsien, Kai

doi:10.4209/aaqr.220116

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are particles less than or equal to 2.5 µm in size and they can enter the lungs through the upper respiratory tract (DeCarlo et al, 2004;Nguyen et al, 2022;Pan et al, 2022). The sources of PM2.5 are divided into natural and anthropogenic sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Precipitation on the Air Quality Index, PM2.5 Levels and on the Dry Deposition of PCDD/Fs in the Ambient Air

Wang¹,

Cui²,

Sheu³

et al. 2023

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The effects of 9 precipitation events in Suzhou City in Anhui Province, China, on the air quality index (AQI), PM2.5, and dry deposition flux of PCDD/Fs (polydibenzo-p-dioxins and polydibenzofurans) were investigated. A total of 7 precipitation events were positive contributes to the reduction of AQI; among them, the AQI were between 23 and 216, with an average of 75, the PM2.5 concentrations were between 5.0 and 169 µg m -3 , with an average of 25 µg m -3 , while the total-PCDD/F-TEQ dry deposition flux ranged from 149 to 1034 pg WHO2005-TEQ m -2 day -1 and averaged 315 pg WHO2005-TEQ m -2 day -1 . By comparing the average AQI and PM2.5, respectively, during and after rainfall with that before rainfall, the results indicated that the average reduction fractions of AQI were 26% and 44%, respectively, while those of PM2.5 were 58% and 43%. In addition, the effect of precipitation on the average reduction fraction of total PCDD/F-TEQ dry deposition flux was 31%. However, in the other 2 AQI elevation events, the AQI were between 23 and 100, and averaged 51; when comparing the average AQI and PM2.5 concentrations, during and after the rain with that before the rain, the increases in AQI were 42% and 49%, respectively, while the increases in PM2.5 concentration were 26% and 29%, respectively. The above results show that, on the whole, rain and snow improved the air quality. This is because rainwater removes particles or dissolved gaseous pollutants from the atmosphere and brings aerosols to the ground. However, in some cases, the increase of source emissions and atmospheric vertical convection, the effect of precipitation or air humidity increased the AQI and elevated the concentration of PM2.5, and dry deposition flux of PCDD/Fs. The results of this study provide useful information for both scientific communities and air quality management.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Precipitation on the Air Quality Index, PM2.5 Levels and on the Dry Deposition of PCDD/Fs in the Ambient Air

Wang¹,

Cui²,

Sheu³

et al. 2023

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Toxicity, mutagenicity, and source identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient atmosphere and flue gas

Pan,

Wu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This study aimed to assess the characteristics of particulate matter (PM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from various stationary and mobile emission sources in Taiwan, with a focus on source apportionment and associated health risks. The northern power plant, equipped with bag filters operating at 150 °C, had significantly lower FPM and CPM levels (0.44 and 0.13 mg/m3, respectively) compared to the central and southern power plants, which used electrostatic precipitators operating at 250 °C (FPM, 1.45–8.35 mg/m3; CPM, 2.37–3.73 mg/m3). Additionally, emissions from diesel vehicles under both idle and high-speed conditions exhibited higher FPM levels (3.46–4.67 mg/m3) than gasoline vehicles (0.19–0.40 mg/m3). In terms of PAH toxicity, diesel vehicle emissions had significantly higher BaP-TEQ (87.3 ng/m3) and BaP-MEQ (25.9 ng/m3) levels compared to power plants (BaP-TEQ, 5.49 ng/m3; BaP-MEQ, 2.65 ng/m3). The highest ambient concentrations of PM2.5, BaP-TEQ, and BaP-MEQ were recorded at traffic sites, with values of 48 ± 36 µg/m3, 0.29 ng/m3, and 0.11 ng/m3, respectively. Differences in PAH distributions between stationary and mobile sources were influenced by factors such as pollution control technologies, combustion temperatures, and fuel types. Diesel vehicle emissions were dominated by benzo[g,h,i]perylene (BghiP), indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IND), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF) under idle conditions, while phenanthrene (PA), pyrene (Pyr), and BghiP were prevalent under high-speed conditions. Source apportionment conducted using principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) identified diesel and gasoline vehicles as the dominant contributors to atmospheric PAHs in Taiwan, accounting for 38% of the total, followed by coal-fired power plants at 35%. The highest lifetime excess cancer risk (ECR) of 2.5 × 10⁻5 was observed in traffic-dense areas, emphasizing the public health implications of vehicle emissions. The study adds credibility to the source apportionment findings, and the health risk analysis highlights variations across different regions, including traffic, urban, rural, and background zones.

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A comprehensive review on advancements in sensors for air pollution applications

Seesaard,

Kamjornkittikoon,

Wongchoosuk

2024

Science of The Total Environment

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Assessment of Atmospheric PM2.5 and PCDD/Fs Collected by Different High-volume Ambient Air Sampling Systems

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Effects of Precipitation on the Air Quality Index, PM2.5 Levels and on the Dry Deposition of PCDD/Fs in the Ambient Air

Effects of Precipitation on the Air Quality Index, PM2.5 Levels and on the Dry Deposition of PCDD/Fs in the Ambient Air

Toxicity, mutagenicity, and source identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient atmosphere and flue gas

A comprehensive review on advancements in sensors for air pollution applications

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