Assessment of cement’s dust impact on the soil using principal component analysis and GIS

Abstract

ABSTRACT:To evaluate the impact of the cement's dust emitted by the eastern Moroccan cement factory (Oujda Holcim) and deposited on the soil of the Ain Lahjar commune, 58 samples of soil were collected around the factory on a radius of 3 km approximately. The physicochemical analyses of the upper 3 cm of the soil surface samples correspond to the pH, electrical conductivity, the chlorides and the oxides of Ca, Al, Fe, K, Mn, S and Si which were analyzed by the fluorescence of X-rays. The preliminary results demonstrate that this dust are especially basic and contain a high free lime (43% CaO). The principal component analysis (applied on the 58 samples of soil) allows deducting that the free lime and the sulfur oxide are the tracer elements of this form of pollution. Furthermore, the spatial projection of the factor scores of the principal component analysis using the geographical information system permits to determine the spatial distribution of more polluted areas of soils as well as to estimate their surface (63.3% of the survey zone).

An Assessment of Heavy Metals Contents in the Soil around a Cement Factory in Ewekoro, Nigeria Using Pollution Indices

“…Al-Khashman and Shawabkeh also reported that the area close to a cement factory in southern Jordan has the highest Pb, Zn, and Cd levels on topsoils 0-10 cm deep [6]. A similar study by Zerrouqi et al observed that calcium oxide and sulfur oxide are the principal components of pollution in soil surrounding a cement factory in Morocco [3]. The results of elementary chemical analysis expressed in weight percent of oxides, conducted by Young-Chull and Jae-Min, revealed that the raw material dust of the first grinding process primarily consisted of CaO (41.77%), SiO 2 (11.72%), Al 2 O 3 (3.45%), and Fe 2 O 3 (1.47%) [7].…”

“…The pollutants are emitted at every stage of the manufacturing process, including extraction of the raw materials, crushing, production, etc. Cement dust changes the elemental concentration of soil and its physicochemical properties [3]. It is also the major source of such particulate matter as SO x , NO x , and CO 2 emissions.…”

Compound Effect of Cement Dust Emitted by Closely Located Cement Plants on Soil of Nokha (Bikaner)

“…1984 the raw material like limestone, clay, iron ore and fly ash etc, 2,3 and mixing them in appropriate proportion. Besides mild heating is applied to drive off water and carbon dioxide available in limestone 4 .…”

Speciation and geospatial analysis of disinfection byproducts in urban drinking water

“…Therefore, the speciation of the trihalomethane mixture due to its health effects has a great importance to be assessed and evaluated in the drinking water supplies. Geographical information system (GIS) has been widely accepted as an efficient tool for the evaluation and visualization for the geospatial distribution of contaminants in air, water and soil, their management and mitigation (Tabesh et al 2010;Zerrouqi et al 2008;Karamouz et al 2006;Jerrett et al 2001;Briggs et al 1997). GIS can play a vital role for analysis and in formulating the quick mitigation plans for high-risk environments as envisaged in the present study.…”