Assessment of circulating concentrations of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide in dogs with brachycephalic airway obstruction syndrome

Rancán, Lisa; Romussi, S.; Garcia, Paloma E.; Albertini, M.; Vara, Elena; Muela, Mercedes Sánchez de la

doi:10.2460/ajvr.74.1.155

Cited by 26 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…However, this may be more important as a marker of cardiac strain in brachycephalic dogs than as a marker of respiratory disease. Evidence of systemic inflammation also has been discovered in brachycephalic dogs, with significantly higher plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α, IL‐10, IL‐13, and IL‐17A as well as increased nitrated proteins compared to control dogs . It is unclear whether any of these markers could be used within a breed to distinguish normal from affected dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Airway Obstruction in Norwich Terriers: 16 Cases

Johnson

Mayhew

Steffey

et al. 2013

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background: Norwich Terriers have grown increasingly popular as show animals and pets, and awareness of respiratory problems within the breed is growing.Objective: To describe components of obstructive upper airway syndrome in a nonbrachycephalic terrier breed. Animals: Sixteen Norwich Terriers; 12 with and 4 without clinical signs of respiratory disease. Methods: Prospective case series. Physical and laryngoscopic examinations were performed by 1 investigator in all dogs. Medical and surgical interventions were summarized and results of follow-up examination or owner reports were recorded.Results: The study population was comprised of 9 females (6 intact) and 7 males (5 intact). Median age was 3.0 years (range, 0.5-11 years). Of 12 dogs presented for a respiratory complaint, physical examination was normal in 4 dogs. Laryngoscopic examination was abnormal in 11/12 dogs with redundant supra-arytenoid folds, laryngeal collapse, everted laryngeal saccules, and a narrowed laryngeal opening in most. Of 4 dogs lacking clinical signs, all had normal physical examination; however, 3/4 dogs had similar appearance of the larynx to dogs with clinical signs. Response to surgical intervention was minimal to moderate in all dogs.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Norwich Terriers suffer from an upper airway obstructive syndrome that differs from that encountered in brachycephalic breeds. Affected dogs are difficult to identify without laryngoscopic examination because of the lack of clinical signs and abnormalities in physical examination findings, despite severe airway obstruction. Care is warranted when anesthetizing Norwich Terriers because of the small size of the laryngeal opening.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Airway Obstruction in Norwich Terriers: 16 Cases

Johnson

Mayhew

Steffey

et al. 2013

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…In a study on brachycephalic dogs that assessed concentrations of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in plasma, a specific commercial ELISA kit was used satisfactorily [86]. In another study, ELISA was used to measure TNF and IFNγ levels in cell supernatants following LPS stimulation in bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) [16].…”

Section: Acute Phase Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteogenomics of selective susceptibility to endotoxin using circulating acute phase biomarkers and bioassay development in sheep: a review

Chemonges

Tung

2014

Proteome Sci

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Scientists have injected endotoxin into animals to investigate and understand various pathologies and novel therapies for several decades. Recent observations have shown that there is selective susceptibility to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin in sheep, despite having similar breed characteristics. The reason behind this difference is unknown, and has prompted studies aiming to explain the variation by proteogenomic characterisation of circulating acute phase biomarkers. It is hypothesised that genetic trait, biochemical, immunological and inflammation marker patterns contribute in defining and predicting mammalian response to LPS. This review discusses the effects of endotoxin and host responses, genetic basis of innate defences, activation of the acute phase response (APR) following experimental LPS challenge, and the current approaches employed in detecting novel biomarkers including acute phase proteins (APP) and micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) in serum or plasma. miRNAs are novel targets for elucidating molecular mechanisms of disease because of their differential expression during pathological, and in healthy states. Changes in miRNA profiles during a disease challenge may be reflected in plasma. Studies show that gel-based two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with either matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) or liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) are currently the most used methods for proteome characterisation. Further evidence suggests that proteomic investigations are preferentially shifting from 2-DE to non-gel based LC-MS/MS coupled with data extraction by sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment-ion spectra (SWATH) approaches that are able to identify a wider range of proteins. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and most recently proteomic methods have been used to quantify low abundance proteins such as cytokines. qRT-PCR and next generation sequencing (NGS) are used for the characterisation of miRNA. Proteogenomic approaches for detecting APP and novel miRNA profiling are essential in understanding the selective resistance to endotoxin in sheep. The results of these methods could help in understanding similar pathology in humans. It might also be helpful in the development of physiological and diagnostic screening assays for determining experimental inclusion and endpoints, and in clinical trials in future.

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“…Systemic inflammation, as evidenced by elevation in circulating concentrations of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐10, IL‐13, IL‐17A and nitric oxide, was recently documented in a group of BD (Rancan et al . ). There also appeared to be a positive correlation between inflammatory markers and BAOS severity (Rancan et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…There also appeared to be a positive correlation between inflammatory markers and BAOS severity (Rancan et al . ). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of TEG‐defined hypercoagulability in a group of clinically healthy adult bulldogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%