Assessment of climate change impact on the fates of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the multimedia environment based on model prediction

Long-term spatial and temporal patterns of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Scottish soils over 20 years (1990–2009): A national picture

“…In addition, temperature is an important regulating factor on gas-particle partitioning and degradation in the environment. Therefore, degradation rate of PAH's in soils is likely to be influenced strongly by climatic change (Cai et al, 2014), but the degradation of PAHs is a relative slow process especially for the high molecular weight compounds.…”

“…Since the global fractionation and cold condensation for low volatility compounds was reported by Wania and Mackay (1993); analogous fractionations for organic pollutants such as latitudinal fractionation, urban fractionation, longitudinal fractionation, primary and secondary fractionation have all been proposed based on various monitoring and modeling methods (Agrell et al, 1999;Meijer et al, 2002;Meijer et al, 2003;Harner et al, 2004;Gouin et al, 2004;Scheringer et al, 2004;Ren et al, 2007;Li et al, 2010;Lammel and Stemmler 2012;Cai et al, 2014). For example, Nam et al (2008) found a fractionation phenomenon between the UK and Norway for <4-ring PAHs distirbution by long-range atmospheric transport; Wilcke and Amelung (2000) found a fractionation for naphthalene along a climosequence in the North American prairie, but not for other PAHs.…”

Development of a multimedia model (POPsLTEA) to assess the influence of climate change on the fate and transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in East Asia

“…The number of studies exploring the influence of CC on environmental fate and transport of pollutants seems to be growing (Marquès et al, 2016;Hansen et al, 2015;Nadal et al, 2015;Cai et al, 2014;Kallenborn et al, 2012;Noyes et al, 2009;Macdonald et al, 2003). Previous studies often addressed effects of individual climate parameters (Noyes et al, 2009;Dalla et al, 2007;Schiedek et al, 2007;Wania and Daly, 2002) and/or effects on a pollution level in a single medium (Amell et al, 2015;Harley et al, 2006;Macdonald et al, 2003) In these studies, the complicated and interdependent natures among the parameters and/ or the environmental media were generally left out.…”

“…Besides, quantitative understanding of the impacts of CC on the long range transport is critical to managing the future environmental quality of this region. However, existing modeling studies focused mostly on Europe or the globe (MacLeod et al, 2011;Hauck et al, 2008) while only a few studies have been conducted on CC influence in the multimedia environment which are limited to individual countries such as China (Liu et al, 2014) and South Korea (Cai et al, 2014). In the absence of an adequate multimedia model to address issues of long range transport of various SVOCs including persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and PAHs, we developed a dynamic multimedia fate and transport model (Persistent Organic Pollutants Long Range Transport model for East Asia, POPsLTEA) for an East Asia region aiming to quantitatively assess how the long range transport dynamics in the multimedia environment vary with climate change.…”

Preliminary classification of characteristic organic gunshot residue compounds

“…This is due to their wide application as plasticisers in a broad 242 array of polymeric materials and the fact that phthalates are not chem-243 ically bonded to the materials. Consequently, they are susceptible to 244 leaching and are, therefore, readily released into the environment 245 [31]. Apart from being universal combustion products, PAHs are in 246 general persistent and ubiquitous environmental pollutants [19][20][21].…”