Assessment of concentration and toxicological (Cancer) risk of lead, cadmium and chromium in tobacco products commonly available in Bangladesh

Hossain, Tawhid; Hassi, Ummehani; Huq, S. M. Imamul

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.08.019

Cited by 39 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The HI values for adults and children ascended as follows: As > Cr > V > Pb > Ni > Cu > Cd > Zn ( Figure 4 A,B). An HI value of ˂0.01 indicates the nonhazardous potential of a given element [ 45 ]. In the current study, consistent with the HQ results, all HI values, except for As, were ˂0.01, corroborating that the other elements were within safe limits.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and Health Risks Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals and Metalloids Contaminants: A Case Study of Agricultural Soils in Qatar

Alsafran

Usman

Jabri

et al. 2021

Toxics

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In recent years, Qatar has witnessed exponential growth in the human population, urbanization, and increased anthropogenic activities, including agriculture. Potentially toxic environmental contaminants, including metals and metalloids, are commonly found in emerging economies. At high concentrations, elements such as As, Cr, and Ni can be hazardous and may lead to various health problems in humans, including cancer. The current study measured As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn concentrations in agricultural soils. Pollution levels and potential negative impacts on human and environmental health were determined using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) standard methodologies. According to the study’s findings, the studied element concentrations descended in the following order: Zn > Cr > V > Ni > As > Cu > Pb > Cd. Of these, As (27.6 mg/kg), Cr (85.7 mg/kg), Ni (61.9 mg/kg), and Zn (92.3 mg/kg) concentrations were higher than average world background levels. Each of these elements also had an enrichment factor (EF > 1), indicating their anthropogenic origin. The combined pollution load index (PLI > 1) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) range values of −0.2–2.5 further indicated that the soil was up to 58% polluted. However, the ecological risk factor (Er ≤ 40.6) and potential ecological risk index (PERI = 79.6) suggested low ecological risk. A human health risk evaluation showed that only As, with a hazard index (HI) of 1.3, posed a noncarcinogenic risk to infants. Additionally, As, Cr, and Ni, with total carcinogenic risk (TCR) values of 1.18 × 10−4 and 2.06 × 10−4 for adults and children, respectively, proved carcinogenic to both age groups. The elements’ carcinogenic risk (CR) potential descended in the following order: Ni > As > Cr. Additionally, for both adults and children, oral ingestion is the most likely exposure pathway. Our findings support the need for closer monitoring of potentially toxic metals and metalloids levels in cultivated soils and farm produce in Qatar. Reducing the elements’ bioavailability in soil and developing innovative remediation technologies is needed to limit potential risks to human health. Further studies on As, Cr, and Ni gastrointestinal bioaccessibilities are needed to fully understand the effects after long-term exposure and the cancer-causing potential of these elements over a lifetime.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and Health Risks Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals and Metalloids Contaminants: A Case Study of Agricultural Soils in Qatar

Alsafran

Usman

Jabri

et al. 2021

Toxics

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“…Pb has been reported to be toxic mostly to children because of their developing nervous system and pika behavior [14]. It has been reported that one of the major route of exposure to Pb is via diet [15,16]. The neurotoxic effect of Pb in children has attracted lots of attention and had continue to be a global concern especially in the developing countries; however, the mechanism of action is yet to be fully clarified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead (Pb) exposure induces dopaminergic neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans: Involvement of the dopamine transporter

et al. 2019

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Lead (Pb) is an environmental neurotoxicant, and has been implicated in several neurological disorders of dopaminergic dysfunction; however, the molecular mechanism of its toxicity has yet to be fully understood. This study investigated the effect of Pb exposure on dopaminergic neurodegeneration and function, as well as expression level of several dopaminergic signaling genes in wild type (N2) and protein kinase C ( pkc ) mutant Caenorhabditis elegans . Both N2 and pkc mutant worms were exposed to Pb 2+ for 1 h. Thereafter, dopaminergic (DAergic) neurodegeneration, behavior and gene expression levels were assessed. The results revealed that Pb 2+ treatment affects dopaminergic cell morphology and structure in worms expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) under a DAergic cell specific promoter. Also, there was a significant impairment in dopaminergic neuronal function as tested by basal slowing response (BSR) in wild-type, N2 worms, but no effect was observed in pkc mutant worms. Furthermore, Pb 2+ exposure increased dat-1 gene expression level when compared with N2 worms, but no alteration was observed in the pkc mutant strains. LC–MS analysis revealed a significant decrease in dopamine content in worms treated with Pb 2+ when compared with controls. In summary, our results revealed that Pb 2+ exposure induced dopaminergic dysfunction in C. elegans by altering dat-1 gene levels, but pkc mutants showed significant resistance to Pb 2+ toxicity. We conclude that PKC activation is directly involved in the neurotoxicity of Pb.

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“…Smokeless tobacco is a major consumption of tobacco in the human population and has become the leading source of tobacco products. Heavy metals like lead, cadmium, chromium of smokeless tobacco products could induce cancer risk and need to develop industry standards and regulation for smokeless tobacco products in the manner of reducing concentrations of heavy metals [ 43 ]. The emergence of tobacco harm reduction which results in decrease the burden of smoking and smokeless tobacco-related diseases [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smokeless tobacco induced biophysical and biochemical alterations in the plasma, erythrocytes, and platelets of panmasala users: Subsequent biological effects

Begum

Nagajothi²,

Kodidela

et al. 2020

Toxicology Reports

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Assessment of concentration and toxicological (Cancer) risk of lead, cadmium and chromium in tobacco products commonly available in Bangladesh

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 39 publications

References 33 publications

Ecological and Health Risks Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals and Metalloids Contaminants: A Case Study of Agricultural Soils in Qatar

Ecological and Health Risks Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals and Metalloids Contaminants: A Case Study of Agricultural Soils in Qatar

Lead (Pb) exposure induces dopaminergic neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans: Involvement of the dopamine transporter

Smokeless tobacco induced biophysical and biochemical alterations in the plasma, erythrocytes, and platelets of panmasala users: Subsequent biological effects

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