Assessment of Consumption Rate of Solid Biomass Fuels and the Consequent Environmental Impact in Maiduguri Metropolis

Mohammed, Hussaini; Dayyabu, Hamza A.; Muhammed, Usman

doi:10.4236/ojap.2018.71003

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Sa'ad and Bugaje [4] have attributed this high demand for wood and wood waste to occurrence of energy poverty in Nigeria. Most rural dwellers (about 70% of people in Nigeria) and almost all farmers heavily depend on fuel wood for all their domestic and other commercial activities that require heat [5]. The attraction for biomass briquettes has been premised on its ease of production; sustainable supply advantages; and environmental benefits (minimum environmental pollution).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study on Biomass Fuel Briquettes’ Quality as a Product of Waste Conversion in Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria

Mong,

Obi,

Onyeocha

et al. 2023

JENRR

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This study investigated the quality of biomass fuel briquettes; a Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) made from bio-wastes generated from a local farm produce market in Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria, known as Umuokomoche daily market. The wastes were mainly waste groceries; vegetable stems, leaves, fruits, plantain peels and stems, yam and potato peels, corn hob and all sorts of discarded food / agro materials which constitute over 70% of the total Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) generated by the community. The study involved the design, fabrication and installation of a piston-type, hydraulic powered pedal operated Biomass Briquetting Machine. The briquettes produced were tested, in order to ascertain their quality as Refuse Derived Fuels (RDF). The biomass wastes generated were initially gathered, sun dried and carbonized through pyrolysis in a kiln. The biochar was then crushed and mixed with a 20% starch bond and finally fed to the machine as feedstock. The products (briquettes) recorded satisfactory combustion outcomes when tested. The preliminary results showed a calorific value of 4900Kcal/Kg which is adequate as a reliable and alternative energy source for domestic and industrial applications. Other parameters tested are; fixed carbon at 32%, Volatile matter at 44%, Moisture at 5% and are Ash content at 5.02%. A bulk density of 580 kg/m3 and a Compressive ratio of 1:2.5 were also recorded. Both results confirm the handling ability and ease of transportation of the briquettes. Therefore the briquettes are of good quality and reliable as an alternative energy source for domestic and industrial applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study on Biomass Fuel Briquettes’ Quality as a Product of Waste Conversion in Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria

Mong,

Obi,

Onyeocha

et al. 2023

JENRR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The rate of tree cover loss per annum in Nigeria stands at 99,200 hectares as at year 2020 [5]. The rate of national fuel wood consumption stands at 88.43 mt/day [6]. Agriculture accounts for 23 % of Nigeria's gross domestic product (GDP), with maize, cassava, guinea corn, yam, sorghum, palm oil, palm kernel oil and soybean meal, but to name a few, as must cultivated crops.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and Coconut Shell for The Production of Fuel Briquettes

Manga

Abioyec²,

Mohammed

et al. 2023

IJATR

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In this study, characterization of agricultural waste (oil palm empty fruit bunch, coconut shell and cassava peel) was done before and after carbonization. Briquettes were produced from the carbonized OPEFB and CS blends with CP as binder. Muffle furnace was used for the carbonization of both biomass; CS was carbonized at 7000C at 60 minutes residence time and OPEFB was carbonized at 4000C at 30 minutes residence time. Proximate analysis showed that raw OPEFB and CS had volatile matter of 70.89 and 63.76wt% which indicates easy ignition but high burning rate. They had low fixed carbon of 18.13 and 17.60wt% for OPEFB and CS respectively which accounted for their low calorific value of 19.61 and 20.70 MJ/kg respectively. Ultimate analysis showed insignificant nitrogen and sulfur content from both biomass. The carbonized OPEFB and CS showed improved Calorific value of 28.38 and 27.91 MJ/kg respectively. This was as a result of devolatilization of the biomass with enrichment of carbon from 45.04 to 69.28wt% for OPEFB and 48.02 to 75.50wt% for CS. The briquettes formed had a mean calorific value, compressive strength, burning rate and density of 27.40 MJ/kg, 2.138 N/mm2, 1.110 g/min and 912.26 kg/m3respectively. With these performance indicators, these selected agricultural wastes biomass could be helpful for production of fuel alternatives for domestic heating in developing and underdeveloped countries that produce such waste.

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“…These are significant amount of agricultural waste that could ease domestic energy requirements in locations of their generation if properly utilized. Briquetting has to do with compaction of materials into small portable sizes with an appropriate technology (Faizal et al, 2012). Briquetting process is regarded as one of the ways of the application of low-grade waste materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Briquettes Produced From Carbonized Coconut Shell and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Blends Using Response Surface Methodology

Gila

Abioye

Mohammed

2022

Nigerian Journal of Tropical Engineering

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In this study, briquettes were prepared from agricultural waste (coconut shell and oil palm empty fruit bunch) using cassava peels as binder. Central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the effect of independent variables (binder amount, compaction force, and proportion of empty fruit bunch) on response variables (calorific value, compressive strength, burn rate and density). Conventional heating was adopted for the carbonization of both products: with coconut shell carbonized at 700 0C at 60 minutes residence time while OPEFB was carbonized at 400 0C at 30 minutes residence time. RSM analysis reveals that experimental results were best fitted into quadratic polynomial models. Optimized preparation conditions were compaction force 9kN, binder amount 50g and EFB:CS 80 % for 27.6151 MJ/kg calorific value, 2.85614 MPa compressive strength, 01.04378 g/min burning rate and 877.889 kg/m 3 density. These results were validated and found to be calorific value 27.97 MJ/kg, compressive strength 2.819 MPa, burning rate 1.025 g/min and density 896.32 kg/m 3 which justifies the predicted results. This study will be helpful for production of fuel alternatives for domestic uses in developing and underdeveloped countries.

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Assessment of Consumption Rate of Solid Biomass Fuels and the Consequent Environmental Impact in Maiduguri Metropolis

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

An Experimental Study on Biomass Fuel Briquettes’ Quality as a Product of Waste Conversion in Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria

An Experimental Study on Biomass Fuel Briquettes’ Quality as a Product of Waste Conversion in Nekede, Owerri, Nigeria

Characterization Of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch and Coconut Shell for The Production of Fuel Briquettes

Optimization of Briquettes Produced From Carbonized Coconut Shell and Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Blends Using Response Surface Methodology

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