Assessment of continuous fermentative hydrogen and methane co-production using macro- and micro-algae with increasing organic loading rate

Microalgal biofuels in China: The past, progress and prospects

“…Optimized one-step sulfuric acid saccharification improved ethanol levels and fermentation efficiency Wu et al, (2014) Biohydrogen Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Culture in advanced solid-state fermentation wastewater increased photosynthetic H 2 evolution Chen, Zhang, Li, et al (2014) C. pyrenoidosa Two novel systems for production of hydrogen by photosynthesis in green algae cells have been reported Ma et al (2011), Wei et al (2017Wei et al ( , 2020, Xiong et al (2015) Algae bloom in Taihu Lake Biomass waste from algal bloom in Taihu Lake was efficiently utilized for hydrogen production Arthrospira platensis Two-stage continuous fermentative hydrogen and methane co-production offered better performance than one-stage anaerobic co-digestion Ding et al (2018) Scenedesmus obliquus Piggery anaerobic digestate liquid could be used for biogas production Xu et al (2015) Blooming cyanobacteria Anaerobic digestion of blooming cyanobacteria generated biogas and reduced microcystin production Yuan et al (2011) the oleaginous model alga C. subellipsoidea using various techniques to manipulate N levels, including one-stage continuous N-sufficiency, N-deprivation, N-limitation (OCNL), and two-stage batch N-starvation, suggesting that OCNL could be used for algal lipid production on a commercial scale. A two-step regime was also developed to enhance lipid accumulation in oleaginous microalgae.…”

“…A high ECE was achieved via second‐stage biomethane fermentation of untreated glucose/glycine, but this process was significantly inhibited by acid or alkaline treatment, suggesting that an optimized pretreatment strategy for algae must be developed to avoid the loss of fermentable compounds and to achieve a high ECE (Lin, Cheng, & Murphy, 2018). A two‐stage continuous fermentative hydrogen and methane co‐production strategy was designed using a macroalga ( Laminaria digitata ) and a microalga ( Arthrospira platensis ) at a C/N ratio of 20, which offered better energy return and higher process stability than did one‐stage anaerobic co‐digestion of algal mixtures (Ding et al., 2018). An integrated approach combining cultivation of the freshwater microalga S. obliquus for biogas production with the treatment of piggery anaerobic digestate liquid was used to examine issues such as CO 2 sequestration, wastewater treatment and biogas production (Xu, Zhao, Zhao, & Zhang, 2015).…”

The Follow-up Photobioreactor Illumination System for the Cultivation of Photosynthetic Microorganisms

“…Algae-derived biomass may be used for energy production, whether by simple firing or co-firing with refuse-derived fuels, other biomass, or non-renewable fuels, or through production of biofuels [3]. The algae-derived biofuels may take the form of pyrolytic solid fuels [4], burnable gases such as hydrogen and methane [5], or liquid hydrocarbons and biodiesel [6,7]. Other chemical components, such as ammonia, may as well be produced through algae cultivation [8].…”

The Influence of Artificial Lighting Systems on the Cultivation of Algae: The Example of Chlorella vulgaris

“…Biomass derived from algae can be used to produce energy as a raw material for combustion or co-incineration with other waste fuels or through the production of biofuels [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Biofuels derived from algae can take the form of pyrolytic solid fuels [15], flammable gases (hydrogen and methane) [16] or liquid hydrocarbons and biodiesel [17,18]. Since photosynthetic organisms consume carbon dioxide in photosynthesis, algae cultivation is also a desirable side effect of carbon sequestration [19,20].…”

“…Algae are undoubtedly a potential source of renewable energy and a raw material for the production of biofuels, but unfortunately, their production is very energy-intensive [16,26]. Additional challenges in the conventional method of algae production are their collection and separation [17].…”