Assessment of cross-resistance potential to neonicotinoid insecticides in Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

Abstract

Laboratory bioassays were carried out with four neonicotinoid insecticides on multiple strains of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) to evaluate resistance and cross-resistance patterns. Three imidacloprid-resistant strains and field populations from three different locations in the southwestern USA were compared in systemic uptake bioassays with acetamiprid, dinotefuran, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. An imidacloprid-resistant strain (IM-R) with 120-fold resistance originally collected from Imperial Valley, California, did not show cross-resistance to acetamiprid, dinotefuran or thiamethoxam. The Guatemala-resistant strain (GU-R) that was also highly resistant to imidacloprid (RR=109-fold) showed low levels of cross-resistance when bioassayed with acetamiprid and thiamethoxam. However, dinotefuran was more toxic than either imidacloprid or thiamethoxam to both IM-R and GU-R strains as indicated by low LC50s. By contrast, a Q-biotype Spanish-resistant strain (SQ-R) of B. tabaci highly resistant to imidacloprid demonstrated high cross-resistance to the two related neonicotinoids. Field populations from Imperial Valley (California), Maricopa and Yuma (Arizona), showed variable susceptibility to imidacloprid (LC50s ranging from 3.39 to 115 microg ml(-1)) but did not exhibit cross-resistance to the three neonicotinoids suggesting that all three compounds would be effective in managing whiteflies. Yuma populations were the most susceptible to imidacloprid. Dinotefuran was the most toxic of the four neonicotinoids against field populations. Although differences in binding at the target site and metabolic pathways may influence the variability in cross-resistance patterns among whitefly populations, comparison of whitefly responses from various geographic regions to the four neonicotinoids indicates the importance of ecological and operational factors on development of cross-resistance to the neonicotinoids.

Genetic structure of the invasive pest Bemisia tabaci: evidence of limited but persistent genetic differentiation in glasshouse populations

“…In experimental studies without insecticide pressure, group B was more competitive than group Q (Pascual and Callejas, 2004). However, the higher resistance to insecticides of group Q (Horowitz et al, 2005, Prabhaker et al, 2005 was inferred to have lead to the outdoor displacement of group B in Spain (Pascual, 2006). Similarly, it is possible that the high insecticide pressure within French glasshouses may have selected for group Q populations rather than group B.…”

Effect of a novel repellent, acetylated glyceride, against sweet potato whitefly, <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

“…To date, the principal control strategy in practice for several cultivated crops is treatment by the judicious use of selective insecticides, based on not only their mode of action but also their impact on natural enemies 38) and pollinators, 38) with the aim of avoiding pest resurgence 39) and the development of cross-resistance. 13) Under these circumstances, natural products, including plant-derived oils and seed extracts, are growing in importance as alternative pest controls intended to be compatible with IPM strategies.…”

“…5) The Q-biotype of B. tabaci is believed to have originated in the Iberian peninsula 6) and is now distributed in Japan, 7) China, 8,9) the USA, 10) and several other areas, with the exception of Antarctica. 11) This biotype not only is highly resistant to several kinds of insecticides 12) but also exhibits cross-resistance to insecticides such as chloronicotinyl, 13) which plays a pivotal role in control programs for important insect pests.…”

Monitoramento da suscetibilidade a inseticidas em populações de Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) no Brasil

“…A ocorrência de resistência cruzada poderia explicar isso, uma vez que outros dois neonicotinóides (tiametoxam e imidaclopride) foram muito usados para o controle da praga na área onde GO-2 foi coletada. Problemas de resistência cruzada de populações de mosca-branca a inseticidas neonicotinóides já foram registrados por Prabhaker et al (2005). Esses autores verificaram que, entre quatro inseticidas neonicotinóides, algumas populações de B. tabaci apresentavam níveis elevados de resistência a tiametoxam e, principalmente, a imidaclopride nos EUA.…”

“…Desde 1991, grandes surtos da mosca-branca Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) ocorreram em áreas agrícolas de todo o mundo (Prabhaker et al 2005). A partir de então, a espécie tem se destacado como uma das principais pragas em vários cultivos de regiões tropicais e subtropicais da África, Ásia, Europa e Américas (Ahmad et al 2002, Nauen & Deholm 2005.…”