Wireless communication network spectrum is a limited resource. With the rapid increase of mobile communication services in recent years, traditional spectrum allocation methods are only based on a fixed spectrum allocation strategy, which often results in uneven and wasteful resource allocation. Therefore, spectrum allocation and the optimization problem need to be solved urgently. The application of semantic mobile computing in the Internet of Things and the research of emerging bionic models provide new ideas for this problem. In order to solve the problem of spectrum optimization and allocation, this paper proposes an optimization algorithm that simulates fisherman fishing to reasonably arrange the allocation and optimization of wireless network spectrum. This paper selects SFOA and the other two algorithms, designs experimental functions to perform calculations separately, obtains relevant data indicators, and uses comparative analysis to analyze. The analysis shows that in terms of performance, the success rate of SFOA is higher than that of PSO, and the success rate of the two function calculations has reached 100%. In the signal-to-noise ratio analysis, when the signal-to-noise ratio is -4 dB, the throughput of GPSO reaches the maximum value of 0.17, the throughput of PSO reaches the maximum value of 0.56, and the throughput of SFOA reaches 1, which shows that SFOA is adopted. The stability and accuracy of the algorithm are higher than the other two algorithms, and in the case of high signal-to-noise ratio, the advantages of the SFOA algorithm are also more obvious. This shows that the use of this algorithm will be very helpful for spectrum allocation and optimization. Because SFOA has high stability and accuracy, through reasonable adjustment and improvement, it can make good use of spectrum allocation and optimization. Chinese wireless communication network and the development of Internet of Things technology are of great significance.