Assessment of exposure to benzo(a)pyrene in air for various population groups in ahmedabad

Aggarwal, Apeksha; Raiyani, C.V.; Patel, Prachi; Shah, Priyanka; Chatterjee, S. K.

doi:10.1016/0004-6981(82)90405-x

Cited by 39 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…A study of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) exposure in Indian villages indicated exposure concentrations of up to 4,000 ng/m 3 , which are very high when compared to global standards [Aggarwal, 1982;Smith et al, 1983]. This level of B[a]P exposure is equivalent to smoking approximately 20 packs of cigarettes per day.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

DNA damage in lymphocytes of rural Indian women exposed to biomass fuel smoke as assessed by the Comet assay

Pandey

Bajpayee

Parmar

et al. 2005

Environ. Mol. Mutagen.

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The Comet assay has found wide acceptance in monitoring human genotoxicity caused by lifestyle and occupational and environmental factors. In the present study, we have used the Comet assay to measure the DNA damage in a population of rural Indian women cooking with biomass fuels (BMFs; fire wood and cow dung cakes). Out of 144 volunteers, 70 used BMFs for domestic cooking, while the remaining 74 used liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and served as a reference population. All the individuals had comparable socioeconomic backgrounds and were between 20 and 55 years of age. Significantly higher levels of DNA damage were observed for BMF users than for LPG users. For BMF users in comparison with the reference population, Olive tail moment was 3.83 +/- 0.15 (arbitrary units) vs. 2.77 +/- 0.07 (P < 0.001); % tail DNA was 11.19 +/- 0.35 vs. 8.29 +/- 0.20 (P < 0.001); and comet tail length (microm) was 51.15 +/- 1.37 vs. 40.26 +/- 0.88 (P < 0.001). Similar significant differences were found when the groups were stratified by age and length of exposure. This study suggests that exposure to BMF smoke leads to greater levels of DNA damage than exposure to LPG combustion products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

DNA damage in lymphocytes of rural Indian women exposed to biomass fuel smoke as assessed by the Comet assay

Pandey

Bajpayee

Parmar

et al. 2005

Environ. Mol. Mutagen.

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“…Investigations in the field of measurements of PAH concentration in urban atmospheres in India include the studies carried out in Mumbai (Mohan Rao et al 1982;Kulkarni and Venkataraman 2000), Lucknow (Bhargava et al 2004), Ahmedabad (Aggarwal et al 1982;Raiyani et al 1993) and Nagpur (Vaishali et al 1997) conducted with a view to evaluate the carcinogenic risk from PAH exposure. Studies carried out by Raiyani et al (1993) in Ahmedabad showed total PAH concentration of 90-195 ng m −3 in an industrial area and between 23-66 ng m −3 in a residential area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Measurements of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at an industrial site in India

Rajput

Lakhani

2008

Environ Monit Assess

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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations were measured in Total Suspended Particulate Matter (TSPM) from December 2005 to August 2006 at Nunhai, an industrial site in Agra (India). Particulate matter samples were collected on glass fibre filters using High Volume Sampler (HVS-430) and were extracted using dichloromethane with ultrasonication and analyzed by GC. Total PAH concentration varies between 0.04 to 2.5 microg m(-3) accounting only 1.6 x 10(-3)% of TSPM. The mass distribution in air was dominated by high molecular weight DbA, BghiP, BaP, BkF and IP. Combustion PAH (CPAH) except BeP represents 58% of the total PAH mass and IARC classified total carcinogenic PAH accounting 63% of TPAH concentration. Correlation studies between PAH revealed the contribution of low molecular weight PAH was mainly due to primary emission from diesel exhaust while high molecular weight PAH were formed during combustion. The presence of specific tracers and calculation of characteristic molecular diagnostic ratios Fla/(Fla + Pyr), BaP/(BaP + Chy), BaA/(BaA + Chy), IP/(IP + BghiP), BaP/BghiP and IP/BghiP) were used to identify the sources of the emissions of PAHs in the atmospheric samples. Seasonal variation in atmospheric PAH showed four fold increase in winter concentration than summer. The BaP and relative BaP amount calculated from the measurements suggested that photo-oxidation may also be responsible for the variation in PAH concentrations during winter and summer. Seasonal trends in atmospheric PAH concentration in the study area were influenced by fossil fuel usage for domestic heating, boundary height and temperature.

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“…In some of the earliest studies to determine levels of indoor air pollutants associated with biomass combustion, concentrations of total suspended particulates (TSP) in the range of 200-30,000 mg/m 3 , and carbon monoxide concentrations between 10 and 500 ppm have been reported during the cooking period (Aggarwal et al, 1982;Smith et al, 1983;Reid et al, 1986;Pandey et al, 1990;Ellegard, 1996). Some 12-24 h determinations of respirable particulate concentrations have also been carried out, reporting 24-h means in the range of 300-3000 mg/m 3 (Saksena et al, 1992;McCracken and Smith, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure assessment for respirable particulates associated with household fuel use in rural districts of Andhra Pradesh, India

Balakrishnan

Sambandam

Padmavathi

et al. 2004

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

184

106

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Indoor air pollution associated with combustion of solid fuels seems to be a major contributor to the national burden of disease in India, but relatively few quantitative exposure assessment studies are available. This study quantified the daily average concentrations of respirable particulates (50% cut-off at 4 mm) in 412 rural homes selected through stratified random sampling from three districts of Andhra Pradesh, India and recorded time activity data from 1400 individuals to reconstruct 24-h average exposures. The mean 24-h average concentrations ranged from 73 to 732 mg/m 3 in gas-versus solid fuel-using households, respectively. Concentrations were significantly correlated with fuel type, kitchen type, and fuel quantity. The mean 24-h average exposures ranged from 80 to 573 mg/m 3 . Among solid fuel users, the mean 24-h average exposures were the highest for women cooks and were significantly different from men and children. Among women, exposures were the highest in the age group of 15-40 years (most likely to be involved in cooking or helping in cooking), while among men, exposures were highest in the age group of 65-80 years (most likely to be indoors). The data are being used to develop a model to predict quantitative categories of population exposure based on survey information on housing and fuel characteristics. This would facilitate the development of a regional exposure database and enable better estimation of health risks.

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Assessment of exposure to benzo(a)pyrene in air for various population groups in ahmedabad

Cited by 39 publications

References 7 publications

DNA damage in lymphocytes of rural Indian women exposed to biomass fuel smoke as assessed by the Comet assay

DNA damage in lymphocytes of rural Indian women exposed to biomass fuel smoke as assessed by the Comet assay

Measurements of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at an industrial site in India

Exposure assessment for respirable particulates associated with household fuel use in rural districts of Andhra Pradesh, India

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