Assessment of factors influencing PM mass concentration measured by gravimetric &amp; beta attenuation techniques at a suburban site

Triantafyllou, Eleni; Diapouli, Evangelia; Tsilibari, Eirini; Adamopoulos, A.D.; Biskos, George; Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.010

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Small increments in relation to peak dust concentrations were observed between (N1), (N2) and (N3) scenarios, with mean annual dust contribution calculated equal to 5.1, 4.3 and 3.9 µg m −3 for scenarios (N1)-(N3) respectively. Nevertheless, on a daily basis, these increments reached up to 16 µg m −3 for scenario (N1) in relation to (N2) and 25 µg m −3 for scenario (N2) in relation to (N3), which are of the same magnitude of typical PM 10 concentration levels at this site (Triantafyllou et al, 2016). When full agreement between models was required, even very intense events were omitted, as is demonstrated by the comparison of the (N3) and (N4) ploying as many available tools as possible for the identification of dust transport events, in order to ensure adequate coverage and reduce uncertainty.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysis On the Estimation Of Net African Dustmentioning

confidence: 67%

AIRUSE-LIFE +: estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM10 and PM2. 5 concentrations in southern Europe – implications to compliance with limit values

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The contribution of natural sources to ambient air particulate matter (PM) concentrations is often not considered; however, it may be significant for certain areas and during specific periods of the year. In the framework of the AIRUSE-LIFE+ project, state-of-the-art methods have been employed for assessing the contribution of major natural sources (African dust, sea salt and forest fires) to PM concentrations, in southern European urban areas. 24 h measurements of PM 10 and PM 2.5 mass and chemical composition were performed over the course of a year in five cities: Porto, Barcelona, Milan, Florence and Athens. Net African dust and sea-salt concentrations were calculated based on the methodologies proposed by the EC (SEC 2011/208). The contribution of uncontrolled forest fires was calculated through receptor modelling. Sensitivity analysis with respect to the calculation of African dust was also performed, in order to identify major parameters affecting the estimated net dust concentrations. African dust contribution to PM concentrations was more pronounced in the eastern Mediterranean, with the mean annual relative contribution to PM 10 decreasing from 21 % in Athens, to 5 % in Florence, and around 2 % in Milan, Barcelona and Porto. The respective contribution to PM 2.5 was calculated equal to 14 % in Athens and from 1.3 to 2.4 % in all other cities. High seasonal variability of contributions was observed, with dust transport events occurring at different periods in the western and eastern Mediterranean basin. Sea salt was mostly related to the coarse mode and also exhibited significant seasonal variability. Sea-salt concentrations were highest in Porto, with average relative contributions equal to 12.3 % for PM 10 . Contributions from uncontrolled forest fires were quantified only for Porto and were low on an annual basis (1.4 and 1.9 % to PM 10 and PM 2.5 , respectively); nevertheless, contributions were greatly increased during events, reaching 20 and 22 % of 24 h PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations, respectively.

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Section: Sensitivity Analysis On the Estimation Of Net African Dustmentioning

confidence: 67%

AIRUSE-LIFE +: estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM10 and PM2. 5 concentrations in southern Europe – implications to compliance with limit values

et al. 2017

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“…The campus of Demokritos is situated at the foot of Mount Hymettus in Agia Paraskevi and covers an area of 600 acres in a forest of pine trees. Situated at 7 km northnortheast from Athens centre (Triantafyllou et al, 2016), the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Demokritos measurement station (37.99 • N, 23.82 • E, 270 m a.s.l) is considered representative of the suburban areas of the Athens Metropolitan Area (AMA). NOA's station is located at its central premises at Thiseio, in the centre of Athens and on the top of Hill of the Nymphs (38.0 • N, 23.7 • E, 107 m a.s.l.).…”

Section: Sampling Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of wood burning versus fossil fuel contribution to wintertime black carbon and carbon monoxide concentrations in Athens, Greece

et al. 2018

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Abstract. The scope of this study was to estimate the contribution of fossil fuel and wood burning combustion to black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO) during wintertime, in Athens. For that purpose, in situ measurements of equivalent black carbon (eBC) and CO were simultaneously conducted in a suburban and an urban background monitoring site in Athens during the 3 months of winter 2014-2015. For the deconvolution of eBC into eBC emitted from fossil fuel (BC ff ) and wood burning (BC wb ), a method based on the spectral dependency of the absorption of pure black carbon and brown carbon was used. Thereafter, BC wb and BC ff estimated fractions were used along with measured CO concentrations in a multiple regression analysis, in order to quantify the contribution of each one of the combustion sources to the ambient CO levels. For a comparative analysis of the results, we additionally estimated the wood burning and fossil fuel contribution to CO, calculated on the basis of their CO / NO x emission ratios. The results indicate that during wintertime BC and CO are mainly emitted by local sources within the Athens Metropolitan Area (AMA). Fossil fuel combustion, mainly from road traffic, is found to be the major contributor to both eBC in PM 2.5 and CO ambient concentrations in AMA. However, wintertime wood burning makes a significant contribution to the observed eBC (of about 30 %) and CO concentrations (on average, 11 and 16 % of total CO in the suburban and urban background sites respectively). Both BC and CO from biomass burning (BC wb and CO wb , respectively) present a clear diurnal pattern, with the highest concentrations during night-time, supporting the theory of local domestic heating being their main source.

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“…The DEM station is situated inside the NCSR Demokritos campus, in a suburban area 7 km to the North-East of the Athens historic centre and representative of the conditions in large parts of the Athens metropolitan area (37 • 59 42 N, 23 • 48 57 E) [24].…”

Section: Overview Of the Measured Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual Variability of Black Carbon Concentrations Originating from Biomass and Fossil Fuel Combustion for the Suburban Aerosol in Athens, Greece

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The objective of this work was to assess the yearly contribution of fossil fuel combustion (BC ff ) and wood burning (BC wb ) to equivalent black carbon (eBC) concentrations, in Athens, Greece. Measurements were conducted at a suburban site from March 2013 to February 2014 and included absorption coefficients at seven wavelengths and PM 2.5 chemical composition data for key biomass burning markers, i.e., levoglucosan, potassium (K) and elemental and organic carbon (EC, OC). A well-documented methodology of corrections for aethalometer attenuation coefficients was applied with a resulting annual dataset of derived absorption coefficients for the suburban Athens' atmospheric aerosol. The Aethalometer model was applied for the source apportionment of eBC. An optimum Ångström exponent for fossil fuel (α ff ) was found, based on the combined use of the model with levoglucosan data. The measured eBC concentrations were equal to 2.4 ± 1.0 µg m −3 and 1.6 ± 0.6 µg m −3 , during the cold and the warm period respectively. The contribution from wood burning was significantly higher during the cold period (21 ± 11%, versus 6 ± 7% in the warm period). BC ff displayed a clear diurnal pattern with a morning peak between 8 and 10 a.m. (during morning rush hour) and a second peak during the evening and night hours, due to the shallowing of the mixing layer. Regression analysis between BC wb concentrations and biomass burning markers (levoglucosan, K and OC/EC ratio) supported the validity of the results.

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Assessment of factors influencing PM mass concentration measured by gravimetric & beta attenuation techniques at a suburban site

Cited by 36 publications

References 25 publications

AIRUSE-LIFE +: estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2. 5</sub> concentrations in southern Europe – implications to compliance with limit values

AIRUSE-LIFE +: estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2. 5</sub> concentrations in southern Europe – implications to compliance with limit values

Assessment of wood burning versus fossil fuel contribution to wintertime black carbon and carbon monoxide concentrations in Athens, Greece

Annual Variability of Black Carbon Concentrations Originating from Biomass and Fossil Fuel Combustion for the Suburban Aerosol in Athens, Greece

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Assessment of factors influencing PM mass concentration measured by gravimetric & beta attenuation techniques at a suburban site

Cited by 36 publications

References 25 publications

AIRUSE-LIFE +: estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; and PM&lt;sub&gt;2. 5&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations in southern Europe – implications to compliance with limit values

AIRUSE-LIFE +: estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; and PM&lt;sub&gt;2. 5&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations in southern Europe – implications to compliance with limit values

Assessment of wood burning versus fossil fuel contribution to wintertime black carbon and carbon monoxide concentrations in Athens, Greece

Annual Variability of Black Carbon Concentrations Originating from Biomass and Fossil Fuel Combustion for the Suburban Aerosol in Athens, Greece

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Product

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AIRUSE-LIFE +: estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2. 5</sub> concentrations in southern Europe – implications to compliance with limit values

AIRUSE-LIFE +: estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2. 5</sub> concentrations in southern Europe – implications to compliance with limit values