Assessment of genetic diversity and volatile content of commercially grown banana (Musa spp.) cultivars

Abstract

Banana is an important fruit crop in the tropics and subtropics; however, limited information on biomarkers and signature volatiles is available for selecting commercial cultivars. Clonal fidelity is a major contributor to banana yield and aroma; however, there are no useful biomarkers available to validate clonal fidelity. In this study, we performed the molecular profiling of 20 banana cultivars consisting of diploid (AA or AB) and triploid (AAA or AAB or ABB) genomic groups. We screened 200 molecular markers, of which 34 markers (11 RAPD, 11 ISSR, and 12 SSR) yielded unequivocally scorable biomarker profiles. About 75, 69, and 24 allelic loci per marker were detected for RAPD, ISSR, and SSR markers, respectively. The statistical analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) exhibited a high genetic difference of 77% with a significant FST value of 0.23 (p < 0.001). Interestingly, the UBC-858 and SSR CNMPF-13 markers were unique to Grand Nain and Ardhapuri cultivars, respectively, which could be used for clonal fidelity analysis. Furthermore, the analysis of banana fruit volatilome using headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GCMS) revealed a total of fifty-four volatile compounds in nine banana cultivars with 56% of the total volatile compounds belonging to the ester group as the significant contributor of aroma. The study assumes significance with informative biomarkers and signature volatiles which could be helpful in breeding and for the authentic identification of commercial banana cultivars.

Identification of Sugarcane S. spontaneum (Poaceae) Germplasm: Evidence from rDNA-ITS and rDNA Locus Analyses

“…Thus, it is necessary to find and develop new molecular markers that are stable in heredity and free from environmental deviation. Molecular marker methods such as AFLP, SSR, ISSR, and RAPD have recently been used as conventional techniques for the identification of germplasms and their progeny [33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. However, all of these methods are based on the presence of multiple amplification bands for the identification of species, which can produce variable results for the authentication of germplasms in sugarcane.…”

History, Phylogeny, Biodiversity, and New Computer-Based Tools for Efficient Micropropagation and Conservation of Pistachio (Pistacia spp.) Germplasm

“…Furthermore, molecular markers based on DNA are stable, detectable in all tissues and independent of environmental or seasonal conditions. They have been employed for multiple applications in plant science such as doubled haploid (DH) technology to the identification/assessment of ‘purity’/hybrid testing, genetic diversity analysis, genetic linkage map construction, mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs), map-based cloning of genes, mapping of mutations, marker-assisted selection (MAS), marker assisted backcross breeding (MAB), marker-assisted pyramiding, mapping major genes, and characterization of transformants [ 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ].…”

Comprehensive Volatilome Signature of Various Brassicaceae Species

“…Among specialized plant metabolites in Brassicaceae plants, volatile organic compounds have many important biological properties and functions. They can act as signaling molecules within and between plants, provide protection by deterring herbivores or attracting their predators, and contribute to plant resistance to damage and stress [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. Several biosynthetic pathways are responsible for their formation, the most important being the lipoxygenase (LOX), glucosinolate (GSL), and methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways in which the so-called green leaf C 6 and C 5 volatiles, isothiocyanates (ITCs), and terpenoids are formed, respectively [ 10 ].…”