Assessment of Heavy Metals in Indoor Settled Harmattan Dust from the University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria

Eneji, Ishaq S.; Adams, Itodo U.; Julius, Kadili A.

doi:10.4236/ojap.2015.44017

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Moreover, to characterise the major metal components related the biochemical reactions, Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe and P were determined in these bio-relevant fractions of household-dusts (Table 2). Similar with the potentially toxic metals, the levels of the major metal components were greater in the ALF fraction of household-dusts due to the acidic and complex environment of the solution compared to other tested bio-relevant solution (water, PSF, and Gamble's solution) and form of these major metals (e.g., oxide, chloride, carbonate) [42]. The highest concentration was determined at Fe in household-dusts extracted in water, ALF, and Gamble's solution compared to other major metals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…For example, metal oxides, carbonates, chlorides are known to be easily soluble in this media. This suggested these metals in household-dust can be form of oxides, carbonates, and chlorides rather than sul te, phosphate, and silico [42] (Innes et al 2021). However, there is no study to compare the ndings, and previous studies mostly conducted total amount of metals or using one physiological modelling.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential toxic metals in household dusts extracted in simulated body fluids and their interaction with culturable pathogens responses

Baysal

Zora

Saygın

2022

Preprint

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In the last decade, a great deal of research has focused on the determination of potential toxic metals in indoors due to an important source of the toxicity and health risks. The previous studies have commonly focused determination of total concentration of metals and identification the microorganisms in dust. On the other hand, determination bio-relevant forms (e.g., inhalable) of metals instead of total contents, examination the behavior of microorganism under these bio-relevant conditions and revealing the interaction between metals and pathogens is vital and necessary for realistic approach. However, previous studies have been ignored these topics in this field. Therefore, the present study aimed to (i) investigate metals in household dusts extracted in simulated body fluids by inhalation, (ii) examine the culturable pathogen responses in the presence of household dusts extracted in simulated body fluids, and (iii) assess their relations and risks using the model approaches by inhalation. Here, 25 household-dusts were extracted in four simulated body fluids to determine bio-relevant forms of metals (specifically using inhalation fluids). Moreover, four clinically important pathogens were incubated in the presence of household-dusts extracted in simulated body fluids. The activity, biofilm, biochemical and oxidative responses of pathogens were measured following household-dust exposures. Afterward, the relationship between metals and pathogens responses were evaluated, and model and derived approaches were used for risk assessments of metals and pathogens. The higher daily intake metal values obtained in artificial lysosomal fluid fraction of household dust that mimicking the inflammatory condition compared to other body fluids. The highest risk of the pathogens originated by biofilm formation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential toxic metals in household dusts extracted in simulated body fluids and their interaction with culturable pathogens responses

Baysal

Zora

Saygın

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Considering the wiping efficacy of tissue paper, herein, it was assumed that fine metal particles will be adhered (within the tissue surface) more than that of the bigger particles. 56 During performing the flowability test of the metal powders (with or without the PVP binder) using the flowmeter JIS-Z-2502, 57 the bound particles at different binder concentrations were found to be free-flowing compared to the non-bound particles. However, the flow rate did not change much (as shown in Figure 5c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence of binding, it has been observed that the remaining metal dust adhered to the tissue surface was reduced after binding with PVP (as shown in Figure 5b). Considering the wiping efficacy of tissue paper, herein, it was assumed that fine metal particles will be adhered (within the tissue surface) more than that of the bigger particles 56 . During performing the flowability test of the metal powders (with or without the PVP binder) using the flowmeter JIS‐Z‐2502, 57 the bound particles at different binder concentrations were found to be free‐flowing compared to the non‐bound particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as an efficient and biocompatible binder for metal alloy processing: A case study with Ti‐20Zr‐11Nb‐3Sn

Sinha

Lim

Chothe

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Titanium (Ti) being a lightweight, biocompatible, and strong metal, immense attention is being paid to develop Ti-based different low-cost and efficient biomedical implants by employing additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing.Binder having abundant binding efficacy binds the alloying metal powders and maintains their stoichiometry and close attachment. However, in the case of Ti-alloy, the Ti, or other alloying metals, e.g., zirconium (Zr), because of their high reactivity with ambient moisture and oxygen, needs to be stabilized before the alloy formation. In this work, instead of using various nonbiocompatible thermoplastic and semi-crystalline polymers responsible for causing stress-induced defects in the final structure, the efficacy of a biocompatible amorphous polymer (i.e., polyvinyl pyrrolidone [PVP]) as a binder towards developing the Ti-alloy has been examined. PVP-bound alloying metal powders were found to be stable for 30 days (as per the XRD analysis) and exhibited a nearly similar composition to the experimental formula. Thermal debinding was examined for two temperatures, 600 and 1000 C, and compared with the help of SEM and XRD analyses. The better debinding (i.e., reduction of carbon content as per the EDX analysis) was found for the 1000 C debinding temperature.

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“…The concentrations of zinc were within these natural ranges and are significantly smaller than those reported in other studies. For example, a range of 4 -42 mg/kg was reported by Eneji et al (2015).…”

Section: Heavy Metal Concentration In Indoor Dustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Accessibility and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Indoor Dust From Higher Institutions in Ondo State, Nigeria

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Quality of indoor air has been a major concern over time particularly in urban areas. Amidst the indoor air parameters, particulate matter/dust is of core interest owing to the fact that it acts as sediment for metals and other pollutants. Considering the ample amount of time spent indoor by students, this study has been mapped out to investigate the quality of air in tertiary institutions in Ondo State, Nigeria based on their proximity to more anthropogenic activities. Herein, pH, conductivity, and anion concentrations in the indoor dust samples were estimated employing standard analytical methods. Our findings revealed a sequence of anion concentration level as follows, Cl−>SO42−>NO3−. Also, the concentrations of some selected metals were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS). The variation in metal concentration observed in most study sites was in the order Cu > Zn > Cr > Pb > Cd. The mean heavy metal variation followed the trend based on the sample collection sites considered in the present study with FE > OA > FU > HT and Cu (0.480mg/kg), Zn (0.409mg/kg), Cr (0.407mg/kg), Pb (0.149mg/kg) and Cd (0.029mg/kg) being the highest concentration of each of the metals. However, all the metal concentrations were below the permissible level. The result from non-carcinogenic study indicates that the average daily dose (by ingestion) was found to be the core exposure pathway such that ADDing > ADDderm > ADDinh. Nevertheless, the hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) were less than 1. This implies that no potential health risk. More generally, a relative degree of safety and strict regulations is suggested to be put in place to maintain the status.

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Assessment of Heavy Metals in Indoor Settled Harmattan Dust from the University of Agriculture Makurdi, Nigeria

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Potential toxic metals in household dusts extracted in simulated body fluids and their interaction with culturable pathogens responses

Potential toxic metals in household dusts extracted in simulated body fluids and their interaction with culturable pathogens responses

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as an efficient and biocompatible binder for metal alloy processing: A case study with Ti‐20Zr‐11Nb‐3Sn

Bio-Accessibility and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Indoor Dust From Higher Institutions in Ondo State, Nigeria

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