Assessment of hepatic VX2 tumors with combined percutaneous transhepatic lymphosonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic imaging

Abstract

CONCLUSION: PTL is a novel method for the detection of tumor lymphangiogenesis in hepatic VX 2 of rabbits. Combined PTL and contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic imaging can improve the diagnosis of liver cancer.© 2008 The WJG Press. All rights reserved. Key words:Percutaneous transhepatic lymphosonography; Ultrasound; Contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic imaging; Ultrasound contrast media; VX 2 tumor Peer reviewer: Gianluigi Giannelli, MD, Dipartimento di Clinica Medica, Immunologia e Malattie Infettive, Sezione di Medicina Interna, Policlinico, Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy Liu C, Liang P, Wang Y, Zhou P, Li X, Han ZY, Liu SP. Assessment of hepatic VX 2 tumors with combined percutaneous transhepatic lymphosonography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonographic imaging.

Pathophysiology of oral cancer in experimental animal models: a review with focus on the role of sympathetic nerves

“…Ultrasonography has proven to be a useful method for the detection and diagnosis of tumors, wherein, use of contrast agents aid in assessing vascularity of the tumors (41, 42). In addition, lymph drainage and metastasis within the tumor environment can also be detected by lymphatic ultrasonography (43).…”

Diagnostic and therapeutic imaging for cancer: Therapeutic considerations and future directions

“…Uptake in the lymphatics (min) exhibited a very different time–intensity curve and spatial pattern than the blood. Lymphatic vessels were visualized greater than 7 min after the injection 59 (image not shown). Because microbubbles can be targeted to specific tumor cell receptors, this could potentially lead to a powerful technique for detecting and tracking metastatic cancer cells in the lymphatic system.…”

“…If clinical studies prove successful, microbubble‐enhanced US imaging of the sentinel and axillary lymph nodes could be more accurate and less invasive than standard approaches that exploit a dye or radiotracer. Another study provided evidence of in vivo US imaging of lymphangiogenesis in the liver of rabbits implanted with undifferentiated VX2 carcinoma cells 59. Nonlinear US imaging tracked the distribution of microbubbles (administered intravenously) near the tumor.…”

Role of Sonography for Implantation and Sequential Evaluation of a VX2 Rabbit Liver Tumor Model

“…[15][16][17] This method has been reported to have a high success rate but some disadvantages, such as being timeconsuming, causing relatively serious wounds in animals with a risk of infection and hemorrhage, and requiring operators to have a good grasp of surgical skills. In a few studies, [18][19][20] the percutaneous sonographically guided implantation method was used for hepatic VX2 tumor models, but to our knowledge, sequential evaluation of tumor growth has not been reported. To investigate the use of sonography in the implantation process and sequential observation of tumor growth, a comparison between the surgical celiotomy method and the percutaneous sonographically guided method is necessary, which can provide more exact information for the establishment of a VX2 tumor model.…”