Assessment of Immunogenicity of Adjuvanted Quadrivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Healthy People and Patients With Common Variable Immune Deficiency

Костинова, А. М.; Ахматова, Н. К.; Latysheva, Elena A.; Dagil, Yulia A.; Klimova, Svetlana V.; Власенко, А. Е.; Хромова, Е. А.; Latysheva, Tatyana Vasilievna; Костинов, М. П.

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01876

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…The response to vaccination can be measured by the increase of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies and specific T-cell responses, demonstrated by the presence of vaccine-induced CD4 T cells and cytokine production. CVID patients with switched MBCs (Euroclass smB+) ( 18 ) were shown to have T-cell cytokine responses to vaccines comparable to those of healthy controls, but the vaccine specific antibody responses were found impaired in the group of patients with a more severe B-cell defect. As an alternative readout for the effective T-cell response to vaccination, it is possible to identify antigen-specific T cells by evaluating the upregulation of CD25 and CD134 (OX40) following in vitro re-stimulation with vaccine-derived peptides ( 19 ).…”

Section: Vaccinations In Cvidmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Insights Learned From Adult Patients With Common Variable Immune Deficiency

2022

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CVID patients have an increased susceptibility to vaccine-preventable infections. The question on the potential benefits of immunization of CVID patients against SARS-CoV-2 offered the possibility to analyze the defective mechanisms of immune responses to a novel antigen. In CVID, as in immunocompetent subjects, the role of B and T cells is different between infected and vaccinated individuals. Upon vaccination, variable anti-Spike IgG responses have been found in different CVID cohorts. Immunization with two doses of mRNA vaccine did not generate Spike-specific classical memory B cells (MBCs) but atypical memory B cells (ATM) with low binding capacity to Spike protein. Spike-specific T-cells responses were also induced in CVID patients with a variable frequency, differently from specific T cells produced after multiple exposures to viral antigens following influenza virus immunization and infection. The immune response elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection was enhanced by subsequent immunization underlying the need to immunize convalescent COVID-19 CVID patients after recovery. In particular, immunization after SARS-Cov-2 infection generated Spike-specific classical memory B cells (MBCs) with low binding capacity to Spike protein and Spike-specific antibodies in a high percentage of CVID patients. The search for a strategy to elicit an adequate immune response post-vaccination in CVID patients is necessary. Since reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 has been documented, at present SARS-CoV-2 positive CVID patients might benefit from new preventing strategy based on administration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies.

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Section: Vaccinations In Cvidmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Insights Learned From Adult Patients With Common Variable Immune Deficiency

2022

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“…Thanks to its safety profile, SARS-CoV-2 immunization is highly recommended also in PAD patients [ 22 ]. However, due to the immune defect, their responses to vaccines are variable [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

B Cell Response Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Boosted by the BNT162b2 Vaccine in Primary Antibody Deficiencies

Pulvirenti

Salinas

Milito

et al. 2021

Cells

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Background: Patients with primary antibody deficiencies are at risk in the current COVID-19 pandemic due to their impaired response to infection and vaccination. Specifically, patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) generated poor spike-specific antibody and T cell responses after immunization. Methods: Thirty-four CVID convalescent patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection, 38 CVID patients immunized with two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine, and 20 SARS-CoV-2 CVID convalescents later and immunized with BNT162b2 were analyzed for the anti-spike IgG production and the generation of spike-specific memory B cells and T cells. Results: Spike-specific IgG was induced more frequently after infection than after vaccination (82% vs. 34%). The antibody response was boosted in convalescents by vaccination. Although immunized patients generated atypical memory B cells possibly by extra-follicular or incomplete germinal center reactions, convalescents responded to infection by generating spike-specific memory B cells that were improved by the subsequent immunization. Poor spike-specific T cell responses were measured independently from the immunological challenge. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 infection primed a more efficient classical memory B cell response, whereas the BNT162b2 vaccine induced non-canonical B cell responses in CVID. Natural infection responses were boosted by subsequent immunization, suggesting the possibility to further stimulate the immune response by additional vaccine doses in CVID.

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“…Their findings are in line with those reported here, and they also provide supportive information on the practical use of quadrivalent AZB-SU vaccines. 35,36 In conclusion, the favourable safety profile and immunogenicity of AZB-SU vaccines, along with the reduced amount of antigen per dose and sparing effect of AZB, make AZB-SU vaccines good candidates for use not only during a pandemic or limited national capacity of vaccine production, but in general for seasonal influenza vaccination. Future research will be directed towards evaluating whether AZB also shows an antigen-sparing effect in elderly patients undergoing vaccination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the safety and immunogenicity profile of an azoximer bromide polymer-adjuvanted subunit influenza vaccine.

Kompier¹,

Neels²,

Beyer³

et al. 2022

F1000Res

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A systematic review of clinical trials conducted with a low-dose inactivated influenza vaccine adjuvanted by azoximer bromide (AZB, Polyoxidonium), was performed to compare vaccine reactogenicity against non-adjuvant vaccines. We also assessed whether lower amounts of antigen per viral strain in AZB-adjuvanted vaccines affected antibody responses. A robust search strategy identified scientific publications reporting 30 clinical trials, comprising data on 11,736 participants and 86 trial arms, for inclusion in the analysis. Local reaction rates (Rlr) appeared to be lower in AZB-adjuvanted vaccine treatment arms versus comparator vaccine treatment arms. Meta‑regression analysis revealed that AZB did not contribute to vaccine reactogenicity. Post-vaccination geometric mean titres in those exposed to AZB-adjuvanted vaccine and comparator vaccine treatment arms were similar in both children and adults aged 18–60 years, implying an antigen-sparing effect by AZB.

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Assessment of Immunogenicity of Adjuvanted Quadrivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Healthy People and Patients With Common Variable Immune Deficiency

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

The Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Insights Learned From Adult Patients With Common Variable Immune Deficiency

The Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Insights Learned From Adult Patients With Common Variable Immune Deficiency

B Cell Response Induced by SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Boosted by the BNT162b2 Vaccine in Primary Antibody Deficiencies

Analysis of the safety and immunogenicity profile of an azoximer bromide polymer-adjuvanted subunit influenza vaccine.

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