Assessment of impact of physico‐chemical drug properties on monitoring drug levels by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography with direct serum injection

Schmutz, André; Thormann, Wolfgang

doi:10.1002/elps.11501501197

Cited by 59 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In case with high drug concentrations, body fluids can be injected directly into MEKC. Drugs with pK a values around the buffer pH (basic drug) and all drugs with low plasma protein binding elute as sharp peaks in MEKC with direct serum injection [28]. The drug should also elute in front of the solubilized serum proteins.…”

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So, it is possible to separate simultaneously a mixture of 15 NSAID by MEKC [25,26]. Thormann et al a) Direct serum injection [27][28][29][30][31] reported attractive MEKC methods for the determination of NSAID. MEKC, CZE and capillary isotachophoresis methods were compared for the determination of salicylate and acetaminophen in urine and serum [27].…”

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in human specimens by capillary zone electrophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography

et al. 2004

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Therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary for the identification of the agents that cause toxic events and for the decision on the treatment for intoxication. Recently, capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been developed for the simple and rapid analyses of a variety of chemical agents. Micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) can separate acidic, neutral and basic anti-inflammatory drugs in serum. Furthermore, serum samples are directly applied to the CE system without any pretreatments, and some anti-inflammatory drugs can be separated from serum albumin in the MEKC analysis. On the other hand, capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) enables us to determine a few microg/mL levels of acidic anti-inflammatory drugs with simple running buffer and stacking technique. A rapid and simultaneous determination of several analgesic anti-inflammatory agents, including ibuprofen, acetaminophen, indomethacin, and salicylic acid in human serum has been developed by using CZE. Therefore, the CZE and MEKC analysis may become a potentially useful alternative to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) for therapeutic drug monitoring, particularly in serum of patients suffering from intoxication by overdosage of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents.

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Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in human specimens by capillary zone electrophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography

et al. 2004

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“…Both naproxen and esomeprazole have been analysed by various techniques either alone or in combination with other drugs. The analytical methods existed for naproxen includes determination by capillary electrophoresis [13][14][15], spectrophotometry [16], micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography [17][18], HPLC [19][20] and spectrofluorometry [21][22][23][24][25]. Compared to naproxen only few analytical methods exist for the determination of esomeprazole [26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Preparation Of Standard Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of Liquid Chromatographic Method for Naproxen and Esomeprazole in Binary Combination

Razzaq

Ashfaq

Khan

et al. 2012

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

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The present study reports the development and validation of a simple, economic and sensitive HPLC method for the concurrent determination of naproxen and esomeprazole in pharmaceutical formulations. Isocratic chromatography was performed with C-18 column and mixture of phosphate buffer (pH 6.1) and acetonitrile in ratio of (40:60, v/v) at 1.5 mlmin -1. The eluents were monitored at 302 nm using UV detector. The method was isocratic in the range of 9.38 to 300 µgml -1 for naproxen and 0.5 to 16 µgml -1 for esomeprazole. Validation of the method was performed by testing parameters like linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, specificity, LOD and LOQ values. In the specificity the drugs were subjected to forced degradation studies like acidic, basic, oxidative and thermal stresses. Both the analytes were separated within three minutes. As the method separates the degradation products produced during forced degradation studies from the active analytes so it can be used not only for regular determination of naproxen and esomeprazole but also for their stability studies.Key words: HPLC, acetonitrile, isocratic, specificity, forced degradation study.e-mail: ashfaqchemist@hotmail.com 1-INTRODUCTIONNaproxen (Fig.1) chemically designated as [(S)-6-methoxy-alpha-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid] is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicine that demonstrates both antipyretic and analgesic behavior [1][2][3][4]. It can be used for the remedy of various diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, primary dysmenorrheal and acute gout [5]. After taken orally, naproxen is partially metabolized to its 6-O-desmethylated active metabolite. Both the drug and its metabolite are then excreted through urine either as unchanged or in conjugation with sulphate or glucoronic acid [6][7][8].A careful literature survey did not reveal any single analytical technique for the determination of naproxen and esomeprazole simultaneously. Therefore, attempts were made to develop and validate an isocratic reverse phase HPLC method to determine both drugs simultaneously. We are currently engaged in binary combination analysis of different classes of drugs in synthetic mixtures and in pharmaceutical formulations [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. The present work is therefore, aimed to attain the optimum chromatographic conditions for the determination of naproxen and esomeprazole simultaneously.We describe in this paper a simple, cheap, sensitive and validated HPLC method with run time less than 3 minutes for the determination of naproxen and esomeprazole simultaneously in pharmaceutical formulations. The developed method can be applied to routine quality control analysis of drugs and for other analytical purposes. 2-EXPERIMENTAL Chemicals and ReagentsReference standards of both naproxen and esomeprazole with claimed percentage purity of 99.62 and 99.71 % respectively were kindly gifted by Schazoo Zaka Laboratories (Lahore, Pakistan). Acetonitrile (chromatography grad...

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“…antiepileptics, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID), antibiotics, barbiturates etc. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] . In these earlier works, high µmolar levels have been determined with reproducibilities in the range of about 2-5% for repeatability (n ≈ 10) and of about 4-12% for interday precision, respectively [7,8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic Investigations with Direct Injection of Plasma Samples: Possible Savings Using Capillary Electrophoresis (CE)

Kunkel¹,

Wätzig²

1999

Arch. Pharm. Pharm. Med. Chem.

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Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is often regarded as a separation technique of choice because of its high selectivity and its cost advantages compared to LC. RSD% of 0.5% have become standard for quality control assays. Using CE, sample pretreatment can often be significantly reduced, leading to notable savings of labor and reagent costs. Moreover, errors from sample pretreatment steps are avoided. A number of pharmaceuticals (e.g. acetaminophen, salicylic acid, sulfamethoxazole, theophylline, tolbutamide, and trimethoprim) have been determined in human plasma on underivatized fused silica capillaries by MEKC without sample pretreatment, the total analysis time being only 10 min. An sodium dodecyl sulfate‐containing borate buffer (60 mM with 200 mM SDS) at pH 10 has been used. Between runs, proteins adsorbed to the capillary wall are removed by a rinsing regimen consisting of SDS buffer and either acetonitrile (e.g. 50% v/v) or isopropanol (e.g. 10% v/v). Other rinsing approaches are discussed (salts, enzyme containing solutions, organic solvents, sodium hydroxide, hydrofluoric acid). The separation system is tested in a concentra‐tion range between 10 ng/mL and 100 μg/mL, the detection limit being about 5 ng/mL. The sensitivity has been substantially improved compared to preceding work using field‐amplified injection mechanisms and efficient computer algorithms that take advantage of multiwavelength detection. Correlations between the limit of quantitation (LOQ), the limit of detection (LOD) and the signal/noise ratio are discussed. A day‐to‐day precision for relative peak areas of 1 to 2% relsdv (n > 40) has been reached in the upper concentration range. Thus, not only drug monitoring but also pharmacokinetic investigations from blood plasma have become possible without further sample pretreatment.

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Assessment of impact of physico‐chemical drug properties on monitoring drug levels by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography with direct serum injection

Cited by 59 publications

References 29 publications

Determination of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in human specimens by capillary zone electrophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography

Determination of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs in human specimens by capillary zone electrophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography

Development and Validation of Liquid Chromatographic Method for Naproxen and Esomeprazole in Binary Combination

Pharmacokinetic Investigations with Direct Injection of Plasma Samples: Possible Savings Using Capillary Electrophoresis (CE)

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