Assessment of landscape transformation in protected areas

Pereira, Sebastián; Fernández, José Vicente de Lucio; Herrera, José Benavente; Olea-Peñaloza, Jorge

doi:10.1016/j.eiar.2020.106472

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…For example, in the USA, the National Park Service (NPS) requires commercial use authorizations (CUA) for impacts if they are consistent with enacted legislation and complementary to a park's mission. That prerogative includes appropriate principles and practices, environmental goals, and avoiding unacceptable impacts, even though technical landscape definitions are missing [59].…”

Section: Shortcomings In Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mountain Cryosphere Landscapes in South America: Value and Protection

2023

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Mountain landscapes support hydric and biodiversity potential under different ownership and land use perspectives. A focal point justifying their preservation is often the legislation’s ethical endorsement. Yet, when scales for assessment diverge without a common analytical purpose, the protective measures may become either ambiguous or insufficient. By considering that mountain cryosphere landscapes have both subjective and supply values, we focused on approaches to protect them and examined conceptual dissonances in their assessment. This ambiguity was examined by analyzing the hydric storage potential of the mountain cryosphere in semi-arid regions in the Andes. We reviewed the technical aspects of cryosphere hydrology and how current legislation aims to preserve freshwater supply and non-instrumental value. The analysis found a clash between instrumental and non-instrumental values and, most importantly, the neglect of a temporal dimension for landscape evolution. Particularly, landscape protection becomes suboptimal as scales of analysis for use and non-use values diverge. Therefore, we recommend analyzing mountain cryosphere landscapes as overlapped sub-units bearing a unified potential (future value) as a hydric resource. This analysis should fit the most inclusive scale on which transaction costs reflecting needs and insurance values reflecting management quality are optimal.

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Section: Shortcomings In Legislationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mountain Cryosphere Landscapes in South America: Value and Protection

2023

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“…For Saayman et al (2012), the concession ful lls its economic role through the development of tourist activity. There are signi cant improvements in tourist structures and equipment, which results in the effective provision of services and strengthening of the visitor experience in the PAs (Wells and Sharma 1998;Kirkby et al 2011;Stone and Nyaupane 2015;Pereira et al 2021). The commitment to tourism management in these places increases the possibility of satisfying the expectations and motivations that lead the visitor to select a certain area as a destination.…”

Section: Main Positive Effects Of Concessions and Their Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such an imbalance can rescue results similar to the social exclusion that occurred in different periods in the history of the PA (Dowie 2011), since the distance of the populations from the process generates numerous weaknesses in the social sphere, such as a lack of nancial and human resources (Rodrigues and Abrucio 2019;Wells and Sharma 1998); increased underemployment and poor working conditions (Christian and Mwaura 2013;Ojeda 2012); livelihood impacts (Mbaiwa et al 2008); among others. This factor also leads to environmental problems (Geoghegan 1994;Sloan et al 1994;Kirkby et al 2011;Christian and Mwaura 2013;Pereira et al 2021), con icts (Gardner 2012;Vuohelainen et al 2012;Stone and Nyaupane, 2012;Stone and Nyaupane, 2016) and lack of responsibilities with management plans (Wells and Sharma 1998;Dinica 2016;).…”

Section: Low Participation Of Local Communities In Concessions and Ex...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to generate stability in the process, we emphasize the importance of continuous monitoring of concessions to maintain more consistent processes. To do so, control and inspection programs are essential to ensure compliance with previously known and established agreements and objectives and thus guarantee the development of best practices in relation to concessions (Saayman et al 2012;Stone and Nyaupane 2015;Wyman et al 2011;Dinica 2016;Rodrigues and Abrucio 2019;Bertolin 2020;Brumatti and Rozendo 2021;Pereira et al 2021).…”

Section: Imbalance Between the Effects Of Concessions And Their Conse...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Tourism Concessions in Protected Areas around the world

Gomes

Silveira

Souza

et al. 2022

Preprint

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This study aimed to investigate tourist concessions around the world and their main effects. To do so, we explored the descriptive information according to specific variables and the existing balance between positive and negative effects. We found that the concessions fulfill their economic role through the development of tourist activity, but they have deficiencies in social, environmental and procedural parameters. The most significant positive effect especially concerns the economy and tourism. On the other hand, the negative social effect showed a higher percentage and is related to the lack of partnership with the community. Most concession types are strictly linked to tourism by large companies. The local population is not fully included in the processes or considered partners, and they only participate in the provision of services. We also found an imbalance between positive and negative effects, with evidence of inconsistency in the processes. The processes considered inconsistent compromise local sustainability, the management objectives of the areas, and generate unequal opportunities. This scenario reveals that tourism concessions are still fragile and can compromise sustainable tourism development and nature conservation in PA. Furthermore, processes based on economic policies when implemented in conservation efforts only guarantee the maximization of economic benefits, disfavoring social and environmental objectives. We defend the control and continuous monitoring of concessions in order to maintain more consistent and effective processes.

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“…Friendly and Wildlife Friendly Enterprise Network have, under the aegis of natural conservation, yielded substantial economic benefits for several protected area communities(Pereira et al, 2021). In the non-agricultural domain, many BRs and protected areas have introduced ecological tourism initiatives, primarily focused on nature education, in three categories: (i) Homestay-style ecotourism initiatives organised by residents: These projects are generally smallscaled but exhibit flexibility, making them relatively prevalent.…”

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confidence: 99%

An overview of community livelihoods in Biosphere Reserves: based on the sustainable livelihoods framework for the 21st century

Yang

2024

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Biosphere Reserves (BRs) are the protected areas proposed by the Man and the Biosphere Programme for harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature. Human activities represented by community livelihoods have always been one of the critical issues in the protection and development of BRs. However, the lack of comprehensive research on the status quo and problems of community livelihoods in BRs has caused difficulties in policy formulation and management. In the form of a literature review, this study attempts to summarize and sort out the overview of community livelihoods in BRs by screening the academic literature with the keywords of BRs and livelihoods and using the 21st Century Sustainable Livelihood Framework as the road map. As a result, community livelihoods in BRs highly depend on environmental resources, increasing vulnerability. Although establishing BRs has brought financial and business opportunities to the community, it also provides environmental resources, public services, and geographical areas in the climate-environmental context needed for livelihood maintenance. However, community livelihoods and climate-environmental context show a contradictory relationship of ‘mismatch between supply and demand’ in environmental resources and public services in BRs. In geographical areas, the conflicts brought by illegal activities, invasive alien species, and wildlife-human conflicts are also gradually increasing. At the same time, unbalanced physical and financial assets and relational power with mixed praise also challenge the sustainable development of community livelihoods in BRs. Therefore, this study believes that through multi-stakeholder joint efforts, BRs Friendly Community Livelihoods other than the initial livelihood with high environmental resource dependence can be sought for communities through livelihood diversification, community participatory management, and community spatial pattern refinement.

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Assessment of landscape transformation in protected areas

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Mountain Cryosphere Landscapes in South America: Value and Protection

Mountain Cryosphere Landscapes in South America: Value and Protection

Effects of Tourism Concessions in Protected Areas around the world

An overview of community livelihoods in Biosphere Reserves: based on the sustainable livelihoods framework for the 21st century

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