Assessment of Main Cereal Crop Trade Impacts on Water and Land Security in Iraq

In this work, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO - NPs) were prepared using a sol-gel methodology and tested for their antibacterial activity against each of the following pathogenic species: Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Staphylococcus aureus by well diffusion assay. The sample prepared was characterized by different techniques: Atomic Force Microscope AFM; Fourier Transform Infrared FT-IR; Scanning Electron Microscope SEM and X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy XRD. The XRD result showed that ZnO - NPs presence in wurtzite the structure of ZnO. The AFM and SEM of the surface analysis indicate that the most ZnO – NPs appear approximately in a spherical shape with some agglomeration. The average particle size for ZnO - NPs is nearly 37 nm. Volumes 25µl, 50µl, 75µl, 100µl, 125µl, and 150µl of 10 mg\ ml concentration of ZnO - NPs were used, the antimicrobial activity results showed that ability for ZnO - NPs to inhibit the growth of S.aureus increased as the solution volume increased, while the growing of (K. pneumonia) and (E. coli) was inhibited only with the volume 75µl where the inhibition zones diameters were 15mm and 10mm respectively.

Section: Antibacterial Activity Of Zno -Npsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Preparation, characterization and analysis of zinc oxide nano-particles using a sol-gel technique as an inhibitor for bacteria

Al-Taweel

Luaibi

2020

“…All the ive isolates of Pseudomonas were sensitive to imipenem, whereas four of them (80%) were resistant to amikacin and 60% were resistant to both of clindamycin and cipro loxacin. In a previous study (Ewaid et al, 2020), Pseudomonas had been isolated from 13% of blood specimens taken after oral surgical procedures (Ansari et al, 2012). Bacteremia resultant of Pseudomonas may not be recognized from that caused by other Gram-negative bacteria, so patients infected with Pseudomonas may have inactive antibiotics, in addition, delay in starting ef icient antibacterial therapy was associated with higher mortality with a rate reached to 39% (Kang et al, 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A bacteriological study of septicemia in Hilla city

Al-Taweel

2020

Septicemia is a serious bloodstream infection; it can quickly become life-threatening. The current study aimed to isolate and identify the causative agents of septicemia cases with reference to the antibiogram test. 52 blood samples were collected from a number of incomings and those who lie in Hilla general hospital. After incubation and culturing on suitable media, 30 samples gave growth of one or two species of bacteria. A total of 33 bacterial isolates were obtained, most of them (16 isolates) were belong to coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., followed by E. coli (6 isolates), Pseudomonas sp. (5 isolates), Streptococcus sp. (2 isolates), and one isolate for each of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonia, Acinetobacter sp., and Listeria monocytogenes. When antibiotics sensitivity test was accomplished, most Staphylococcus spp. were sensitive for daptomycin and had high resistance to both of vancomycin and clindamycin, whereas Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive for most the used antibiotics. Half of E. coli isolates were sensitive, while the second half were resistant to the used antibiotics. Imipenem inhibited the growth of all Pseudomonas isolates, whereas 80% of them were resistant to amikacin. The epidemiology of bacteremia is altering with the aging of the population, shifts in healthcare, and progress in medicine, such as increased use of immunosuppressive treatment, intravascular devices, and invasive procedures.

“…Contamination of mycotoxins in many foods can be a major threat to the health of vulnerable people. This emphasizes the importance of watching AFB1 and metabolites in food products (Ewaid et al, 2020). Children's exposure to environmental toxins, as well as the child's nutritional status, is vital for growth and the risk of developing adolescence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Aflatoxin B1 in secondary school students in Al-Diwanyia city

Al-Khalidi¹,

Al-Kaabi²,

Al-Mhnna³

2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate mycotoxin (Aflatoxin B1) in high school student blood samples. Thus, 350 blood samples were collected randomly from students in various schools in Al-diwanyia city, and then toxin was detected using ELIZA method. The results showed 287 ( 82% ) of student were had aflatoxin in their blood in a different concentration varying from 2.301 to 3.245 ng/ml and these concentrations were high (2.610 to 3.245) n/L in male rather than female (2.301 to 2.541) ng/L. Intrahepatic AFTs-B1 is activated by the enzymes p450 hemogenic protein, which is reborn into AFTs-B1-8, 9 epoxide, which is responsible for the effects of cancer within the secreted organ. Based on the fact that AFB1 recorded the most important effects of strong malignant tumor disease in both humans and animals, and thanks to the acute problems related to the contamination of AF More attention has been paid to food and feed and its negative impact on public and economic health compared to various fungal toxins. Because absolute safety is incredibly difficult to achieve, many developing countries have tried to reduce aflatoxin toxicity under the rules that management exposure prohibits the limits of such toxins in food and feed. This research was therefore designed to determine the levels of aflatoxin B1 in secondary school students ' blood samples.